Ch 15 Parasympathetic Nervous System

Question 1

Which spinal nerves does the fibers originate from?

Answer 1

S2-S4

Question 2

Where are the pre and postganglionic fibers found?

Answer 2

at or near effectors

Question 3

What are the sizes of the pre and postganglionic fibers?

Answer 3

preganglionic: long
postganglionic: short

Question 4

Are the effectors of the parasympathetic division local or widespread?

Answer 4

local

Question 5

Types of cholinergic receptors

Answer 5

nicotinic, muscarinic

Question 6

Which cranial nerves are involved in the parasympathetic nervous system?

Answer 6

oculomotor III, facial IV, glossopharyngeal IX, vagus X

Question 7

Are the nicotinic and muscarinic receptors excitatory or inhibitory?

Answer 7

nicotinic: excitatory
muscarinic: excitatory and inhibitory

Question 8

What are the effects of parasympathetic stimulation?

Answer 8

constrict pupils, secretion of digestive glands, defecation, urination, reduction of heart rate, etc.

Question 9

What is the enteric nervous system?

Answer 9

nervous system of the digestive tract

Question 10

Enteric nervous system structure

Answer 10

composed of 100 million neurons found in the walls of the digestive tract, has it’s own reflex arcs