Ch 15 Comparing Sympathetic and Parasympathetic

Question 1

Compare and contract the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions

Answer 1

sympathetic: “fight or flight”, short preganglionic fibers, long postganglionic fibers, some sympathetic stimulation can go directly into the bloodstream, ACh at the preganglionic neurons and E or NE at the postganglionic neurons

parasympathetic: “rest and digest”, long preganglionic fibers, short postganglionic fibers, ACh is the only neurotransmitter

Question 2

Which organs receive dual innervation?

Answer 2

pupil, heart, pancreas, pineal gland, etc.

Question 3

What is dual innervation?

Answer 3

process of being innervated by both the sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers

Question 4

Autonomic tone definition

Answer 4

background activity of the autonomic nervous system ensures organs are ready to respond to bodily changes

Question 5

Which organs only receive sympathetic innervation?

Answer 5

blood vessels, sweat glands, arrector pili, adrenal gland, posterior pituitary, skeletal muscles,

Question 6

Which organs only receive parasympathetic innervation?

Answer 6

lacrimal

Question 7

How does caffeine affect the nervous system?

Answer 7

competes with adenosine by binding to it’s receptors; stimulates the sympathetic nervous system