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Contrast > Ch 14 pathology > Flashcards

Ch 14 pathology Flashcards

1
Q

Regions or areas of subcutaneous swelling caused by an allergic reaction to food or drugs

A

Angioedema

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2
Q

Complete cessation of urinary secretion by the kidneys

A

Anuria

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3
Q

Elevated or indented bladder floor

A

Benign prostatic hyperplasia

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4
Q

Act of voiding or urination

A

micturition

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5
Q

agent that increases excretion of urine

A

diuretic

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6
Q

Therapeutic technique that uses sound waves to shatter large kidney stones into small particles that can be passed

A

lithotripsy

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7
Q

presence of bacteria in the urine

A

bacteriuria

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8
Q

presence of gas in the urine

A

pnuemoiuria

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9
Q

the inability of a kidney to excrete metabolites at normal plasma levels, or the inability to retain electrolytes under conditions of normal intake

A

renal failure

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10
Q

excess in the blood of urea, creatinine, and other nitrogenous end products of protein and amino acid metabolism

A

uremia

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11
Q

excretion of a diminished amount of urine in relation to fluid intake

A

oliguria

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12
Q

fecal matter in the urine

A

fecaluria

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13
Q

glucose in the urine

A

glucosuria

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14
Q

blood in the urine

A

hematuria

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15
Q

excessive inferior displacement of the kidney when erect

A

nephroptosis

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16
Q

passage of a large volume or urine in relation to fluid intake during a given period

A

polyuria

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17
Q

presence of excessive serum protein levels in the urine

A

proteinuria

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18
Q

absence of formation of a kidney

A

renal agenesis

19
Q

inability to void which may be due to obstruction in the urethra or lack of sensation to urine

A

retention

20
Q

involuntary passage of urine

A

urinary incontinence

21
Q

backward or return flow of urine from bladder into ureter and kidney

A

urinary reflux

22
Q

infection that frequently occurs in adults and children caused by bacteria, virus, fungi, or certain parasites

A

urinary tract infection (UTI)

23
Q

an enlargement of the prostate- can cause urethral compression and obstruction

A

benign prostatic hyperplasia

24
Q

stones that form in the urinary bladder

A

bladder calculi

25
Q

tumor that include hematuria and frequency in urination

A

bladder carcinoma

26
Q

involves 2 ureters and or the renal pelvis originating from the same kidney

A

duplication of the ureter and renal pelvis

27
Q

normal kidney that fails to ascend into the abdomen but remains in the pelvis

A

ectopic kidney

28
Q

fusion of the kidneys

A

horseshoe kidney

29
Q

abnormal rotation of the kidney

A

malrotation

30
Q

inflammation of the urinary bladder caused by bacterial or fungal infection

A

cystitis

31
Q

inflammation of the capillary loops of the glomeruli of the kidneys

A

glomerulonephritis (bright’s disease)

32
Q

disorder marked by cysts scattered throughout one or both kidneys

A

polycystic kidney disease

33
Q

calcifications that occur in the luminal aspect of the urinary tract

A

renal calculi

34
Q

large stone that grows and fills the renal pelvis completely, blocking flow of urine

A

staghorn calculus

35
Q

most frequent type of malignant tumor of the kidney

A

renal cell carcinoma

36
Q

distention of the renal pelvis and calyces of the kidneys that results from some obstruction of the ureters or renal pelvis

A

hydronephrosis

37
Q

inflammation of the kidney and renal pelvis caused by pyogenic bacteria

A

pyelonephritis

38
Q

increased blood pressure to the kidney through the renal artery due to atherosclerosis

A

renal hypertension

39
Q

may be caused by necrotic debris, calculus, thrombus, or trauma

A

renal obstruction

40
Q

during IVU reduced perfusion of contrast media through the kidney

A

acute obstruction

41
Q

during IVU, collecting system might be opacified, but calyces may show signs of enlargement and hydronephrosis

A

chronic/partial obstruction

42
Q

fistula that forms between the urinary bladder and rectum or aspects of the colon

A

vesicorectal fistula

43
Q

Leakage of iodinated contrast media outside the vessel and into surrounding soft tissue

A

Extravasation (infiltration)

44
Q

Inflammation of a vein

A

Phlebitis

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