CH. 14 Flashcards
Wholistic Approach
brother and sister have different ideas
Ex: sun and moon
I message & Active listening
parenting
- businesses use these tactics
- conflict can be a good thing in bringing people closer together
I message
how you feel
-state what you’re objecting too
-gets us out of judgement
Ex: You’re so lazy
Active listening
repeat back what you think they said
-ask clarifying questions
Cross-cultural Perspectives:
Individualistic and Collectivistic orientations
- US is both
Individualistic Orientation
up to you
-pull yourself out of poverty
Collectivistic Orientation
gonna take a group or community to make a solution
-Ex: India and Japan
Naturalistic observation
no directions or interference
-Mary Ainsworth
Participant observation
Robert Cave experiments:
- purposely causing problems so they can work together as an observer and a participant
- study peer groups
Bronfenbrenner’s ecological theory:
- about culture
1. ) Microsystem
2. ) Mesosystem
3. ) Exosystem
4. ) Macrosystem
5. ) Chronosystem
Microsystem
setting in which individuals live
-Ex: family
Mesosystem
links between microsystems
Ex: school and family
Ex: onion peeling layer
Exosystem
Indirect affects
Ex: Stress at work can ripple out and cause a fight within a family
Macrosystem
culture we grow up in
- emphasizes individual
- hard work pays off
- Ex: aggression in NFL
Chronosystem
sociohistorical circumstances that change over time
- Ex: 9/11
- Ex: Women movemant
- Ex: Student activist stage
Adolescence
stressful time on marriages
Family as a System:
homeostasis
- cohesion
- clear generational boundaries
- enmeshment
- disengagement
Homeostasis
achieving balance in change
Cohesion
degree of closeness -constantly moving and fluctuating -continuum -well-being for family in middle Ex: Parents being parents -healthy relationship
Enmeshment
overly involved
- eating disorders
- schizophrenia
Disengagement
lack of parental monitoring
Ecology
families embedded in culture
John G.
gridlock / love map
- Know each other well enough to know when they’re upset
- smaller things are better
Adult Development trajectories
timing of entry into cohabitation, marriage, or parenthood
Child Development trajectories
timing of child care and entry into middle school
Plasticity
sense of change with new pathways
Cohabitation
living together in a sexual relationship without being married
Kids
more likely to open up to parents cause they feel safe due to parental monitoring
Baumrind’s 4 Parenting Styles
- Authoritive = setting guidelines without conflict
1. ) Authoritarian parenting
2. ) Authoritative parenting
3. ) Neglectful parenting
4. ) Indulgent parenting
Authoritative parenting
optimal style of parent who are warm but have high expectations -achievement oriented -emotional warmth -induction \+accepting \+control
Authoritarian parenting
hostile, dominating kids by yelling and taking away the kids sense of self -unhappy / aggressive -power-assertive \+rejecting \+control
Indulgent parenting
permissive parenting -lack of self control = most important problem -Laisse Faire = constantly giving in \+accepting \+no control
Neglectful parenting
permissive parenting -low self-esteem -abandonment \+rejecting \+no control
In favor of Corporal Punishment
were likely to remember it being used by their parents
-associated with higher levels of immediate compliance and aggression in children
Parent-adolescent conflict:
escalates during early adolescence
- 4-5 million (25%) experience this problem
- biological changes of puberty
- cognitive changes = increased idealism and logical reasoning
Acculturation
based conflicts often result in immigrant families
Parent-emerging adults:
relationships with parents improve once they leave home
“adult status” = still dependent on parents in some matter
Emerging Adulthood
“Boomerang Kids”
- attachment is still important during this stage
- most kids come back home
- what they will take along, leave behind, and create
Parents in Emerging Adulthood
act as “scaffolding” = great respect
-act as “safety nets”
Divorce
1st year of divorce is the roughest
- 2-5 years = the road to recovery gets stronger as times goes on
- internalizing and externalizing disorders = can both occur
Internalizing disorder
might show up as depression
- women
- not able to express feelings
Externalizing disorder
problems with anger -anxiety -lash out in response to stress Ex: hitting kids at school -boys are higher -juvenile deliquency
Mediators
rituals = help nuture well being in a stressful time
- Ex: having family meals at the same time
Adolescent adjustment:
improved when divorced parents have a harmonious relationship and use authoritative parenting
