ch 13 Flashcards

1
Q

Solubility depends on

A

IMF between solute-solute, solvent-solvent, solute-solvent and the tendency towards mixing (to maximize entropy)

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2
Q

What are colligative properties

A

A property that depends on the number of partciles
-freezing pt depression
-boiling pt elevation
-osmotic pressure

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3
Q

What do the 3 main colligative properties depend on?

A

They depend on vapor pressure

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4
Q

the vapor pressure of a solution is

A

always lower than the pure solvent vapor pressure

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5
Q

What is osmotic pressure

A

the minimum pressure that must be applied to a solution to halt the flow of solvent molecules through a semipermeable membrane

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6
Q

If solute-solvent IMF’s are greater than or equal to in magnitude of solute solute and solvent solvent IMF’s what happens?

A

a solution forms

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7
Q

if solvent solute IMFs are less than solvent-solvent and solute-solute IMFs what happens?

A

a solution may form if the difference is small

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8
Q

The ∆H solute is always

A

endothermic

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9
Q

∆H solvent is alwaus

A

endothermic

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10
Q

∆H mixing is always

A

exothermic

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11
Q

what is the equation for the ∆H soln

A

∆Hsoln=∆Hsolute+∆Hsolvent+∆Mixing

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12
Q

if the ∆H mixing is equal to the ∆H solute+∆H solvent

A

the ∆Hsoln= zero

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13
Q

if the ∆H mixing is greater than ∆H solute+∆H solvent

A

them the ∆H soln<0
-heat is released, the tendency to lower energy and increase entropy drives solution formation

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14
Q

If ∆H mixing is less than ∆H solute+∆H solvent

A

then the ∆H soln>0
-heat is absorbed, entropy may still drive soln formation if the positivity is small

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15
Q

What is the heat of hydration

A

the enthalpy change when 1 mol of a gaseous state dissolves into H20 (occurs in ionic dissolving)

it is always exothermic

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16
Q

What is the equation for ∆Hydration

A

∆H solvent + mixing

17
Q

what is the ∆H solution

A

∆Hsoln= ∆H solute (-∆h lattice) + ∆Hydration

18
Q

the solubility of a gas in H20 ______ with increasing pressure above a liquid

A

increases (Sgas=kHPgas)

19
Q

what is the parts per million

A

mg solute/L solution or mg solute/kg soln in ppm