Ch 13

Question 1

Organism

Answer 1

An individual living thing

Question 2

Population

Answer 2

A group of the same species that lives in one area

Question 3

Community

Answer 3

Group of different species that live together in 1 area

Question 4

Ecosystem

Answer 4

Includes all organisms as well as climate, soli, water, rocks and other non living things in a given area

Question 5

Biome

Answer 5

A major regional or global community of organism, characterized by climate conditions & plant communities that thrive there

Question 6

Main ideas of the pyramids

Answer 6

More at the bottom than the top, as you move up the tropic levels there is less of everything

Question 7

Lab experiment

Answer 7

In a confined area; easy to control + species isn’t responding as it would in natural environment

Question 8

Field experiment

Answer 8

In natural environment; see species in natural environment + hard to control

Question 9

Direct surveys

Answer 9

Easy to spot species, employ binoculars or scopes

Question 10

Indirect survey

Answer 10

Used for species that are hard to track, include looking for other signs of their presence

Question 11

Ecological research methods

Answer 11

Observations, experimentation, and modeling

Question 12

Biotic factors

Answer 12

Living things; plants, animals, fungi, + bacteria

Question 13

Abiotic factors

Answer 13

No living things; moisture, temperature, wind, sunlight, + soil

Question 14

Biodiversity

Answer 14

The assortment/variety of living things in an ecosystem

Question 15

Keystone species

Answer 15

Species that has a large effect on its ecosystem; forms and maintains a complex web of life

Question 16

Producer(autotroph)

Answer 16

Provide energy for other organisms in an ecosystem, get energy from non living resources + makes own food

Question 17

Consumers(heterotrophs)

Answer 17

Organism that get energy from other living/once living resources

Question 18

Food chain

Answer 18

Model showing squence of feeding relationships

Question 19

Herbivores

Answer 19

Eat only plants

Question 20

Carnivores

Answer 20

Eat only animals

Question 21

Omnivores

Answer 21

Eat both plants and animals

Question 22

Detritivores

Answer 22

Eat dead organic matter

Question 23

Decomposers

Answer 23

Detritivores that breakdown dead organic matter into simpler compounds

Question 24

Specialist

Answer 24

Consumers that primarily eat 1 specific organism or a very small number of organism

Question 25

Generalist

Answer 25

Consumers that have a varying diet

Question 26

Trophic levels

Answer 26

Nourishment levels in food chain

Question 27

Primary consumers

Answer 27

Herbivores that eat producers(at the bottom)

Question 28

Secondary consumers

Answer 28

Carnivores that eat herbivores(in the middle)

Question 29

Tertiary consumers

Answer 29

Carnivores that eat secondary consumers(at the top)

Question 30

Food web

Answer 30

Shows complex network of feeding relationships

Question 31

Energy pyramid

Answer 31

Compare energy used by produces are other organism on trophies levels(up to 90% lost into the atmosphere as heat; 10% moves from 1 trophic level to the next)

Question 32

Biomass

Answer 32

Measure of the total dry mass of organisms in a given area

Question 33

Pyramid of numbers

Answer 33

Shows number of individual organisms at each trophic level in an ecosystem

Question 34

Biomass pyramid

Answer 34

Shows the mass of primary consumers required to support secondary consumers, so on…