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Ch 13-20 > Ch 13 > Flashcards

Ch 13 Flashcards

0
Q

Plutonic int and volcanic ext

Are part of

A

Igneous rocks

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1
Q

Mafic
Dark colored
Low silica
Rock??

A

Basalt

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2
Q

Most if the us is

A

Sedimentary

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3
Q

Knowledge of earth is based on indirect evidence yet earth is said to have a dense inner core with 3 concentric layers of various compositions and density

A

Structure of earth
Inner/outer core
Mantle
Crust

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4
Q

The uppermost lithosphere, rigid zone, a zone where rocks are so hot they lose strength and become plastic -easily deformed, tar like. The asthenosphere. Beneath is the lower “ rigid rocks again. (1,800) mi

A

Mantle

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5
Q

Crust and upper most rigid zone of the mantle are part of the

A

Lithosphere

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6
Q

The tectonic plates consisting of crust and upper rigid mantle

A

Lithosphere

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7
Q

This is beneath the Moho, the largest if the shells 84% of earths volume, has 3 sub layers

A

Mantle

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8
Q

Easily deformed weak sphere plastic layer. Underlies lithosphere. Very hot rock

A

Asthenosphere

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9
Q

This is beneath the mantle (molten liquid) and the magnetic field is primarily generated here

A

Outer core

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10
Q

The innermost portion of earth, very sense

A

Inner core

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11
Q

Makes up 15% if earths volume out together

A

Inner and outer core

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12
Q

Rock formed by solidification of molten magma, when magma cools

A

Igneous rock

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13
Q

Molten materials in earths interior

A

Magma

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14
Q

plutonic
Sedimentary
Volcanic
Metamorphic

A

Types of igneous rocks

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15
Q

Cooling of lava Below the earths surface . Granite is the most common type

A

Plutonic intrusive

16
Q

High silica
Felic igneous rock
Light color

A

Granite (plutonic)

17
Q

Consolidation of deposited particles, rocks formed of sediment that is consolidated by the pressure and celebration . Distinct layers are called strata

A

Sedimentary rocks

18
Q

Molten rock ejected onto earths surface, solidifying quickly on open air most common basalt” - magic dark color low silica. Formed form the cooling of lava or bonding of pyroclastic materials in surface

A

Volcanic extrusive rocks

19
Q

Heat and pressure act on existing igneous and sedimentary rocks, this rock was originally something else either ig or sed but has been drastically changed by massive forces of heat and pressure working on it from within earth.

A

Metamorphic rock

20
Q

3 major rocks

A

Ig
Sed
Med

21
Q

Molten rock flows out onto earth

A

Lava

22
Q

Welding”” of tiny pieces of solid volcanic rock that have been explosive ejected out into the surface by a volcanic eruption.

A

Pyroclastics

23
Q

Rocks contain large portions of dark colored silicate minerals like quarts and feld spar

A

Magic

24
Q

Rocks contain large portions if light color silicate minerals such as olivine and pyroxene

A

Felsic

25
Q

Part of the lithosphere

Has a base of Moho, mohorivicic discontinuity. 3x thicker under continents than under oceans. Less 1% earths volume.

A

The crust

26
Q

Magma
Lava
Pyro classics
Felsic rocks ““mafic ““rocks

A

Igneous rocks

27
Q

Small minerals, fins grained
Dark colored generally
Basalt most common
Extensive selfloor bedrock

A

Volcanic

28
Q 
Rock fragments 
Organic matter 
Transportation 
Deposition 
Stratification
A

Sedimentary

29
Q

Heat from mantle deforms rocks with heat and pressure

A

Metamorphic

30
Q

Boundary between earths crust and the mantle - a narrow zone with significant change in mineral decomposition.

A

Moho, mohorovicic discontinuity

31
Q

What are the three zones within the mantle

A

Lithosphere
asthenosphere
mesosphere

32
Q

Theory that proposed that the present continents were originally connected as one it two large land masses that have broken up and literally drifts apart over the last several million years

A

Continental drift

33
Q

A coherent theory of massive crustal rearrangement based on the movement of continent sized lithospheric plates

A

Plate tectonics

34
Q

Driving mechanism for plate tectonics within earths mantle

Plates move at varying rates from 1cm to 10cm per yr.

A

Convention cell

Ch 13-20 (8 decks)

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