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Biology > Ch. 12.3 > Flashcards

Ch. 12.3 Flashcards

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1
Q

(1) is the process when food is broken into small, soluble substances that can be absorbed and used by body cells.

A

Digestion

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2
Q

Digestion is the process when food is broken into (1), (2) substances that can be (3) and used by (4).

A

small, soluble, absorbed, body cells

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3
Q

The digestive system is made up of (1) and some (2).

A

alimentary canal, digestive glands

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4
Q

Digestive glands produce (1).

A

digestive juices

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5
Q

Food travels through (1).

A

alimentary canal

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6
Q

Food is broken into smaller pieces without changing to a new substance in (1) digestion.

A

mechanical

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7
Q

Mechanical digestion refers to the process of breaking food into smaller pieces without (1).

A

changing to a new substance

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8
Q

Complex food substances are broken down into simple food substances by chemical reactions in (1) digestion.

A

chemical

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9
Q

Chemical digestion refers to the process of breaking down (1) food substances into (2) food substances by (3), involving (4).

A

complex, simple, chemical reactions, digestive enzymes

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10
Q

Mouth cavity

Food is digested by (1) mechanically. It increases (2).

A

chewing, surface area

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11
Q

Mouth cavity

Food is digested by (1) chemically. It makes the food (2) and easier to (3). It also breaks down (4) into (5).

A

saliva, moist, swallow, starch, sugar

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12
Q

Oesophagus

(1) pushes food down to the (2).

A

Peristalsis, stomach

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13
Q

Stomach

Food is digested by (1) mechanically. The muscles (2) and (3) to break the food into smaller pieces. It helps (4) the food with (5).

A

churning, contract, relax, mixing, gastric juice

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14
Q

Stomach wall secrets (1), which contains (2) and (3). They break down (4) and kill (5).

A

gastric juice, enzymes, hydrochloric acid, proteins, bacteria

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15
Q

Small intestine

Food is digested by (1) mechanically. (2) pushes food and helps (3) the food with (4) and (5).

A

bile, peristalsis, mixing, pancreatic juice, intestinal juice

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16
Q

Small intestine

Food is digested by (1) and (2) chemically.

A

pancreatic juice, intestinal juice

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17
Q

Bile is produced in (1) and stored in (2). It does not contain (3). It (4) lipids into (5). It increases (6).

A

liver, gall bladder, enzymes, emulsifies, small oil droplets, surface area

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18
Q

Intestinal juice is secreted from (1). Pancreatic juice and that contain enzymes that break down (2), (3) and (4).

A

small intestine’s wall, carbohydrates, proteins, lipids

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19
Q

(1) is the process of substances and water passing through small intestine’s wall and entering the blood capillaries.

A

Absorption

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20
Q

Absorption refers to the process of substances and (1) passing through (2) and entering (3).

A

water, small intestine’s wall, blood capillaries

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21
Q

Absorbed food substances are carried via (1).

A

transport system

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22
Q

Large intestine

(1) and remaining (2) are absorbed. (3) waste called (4) are left and they are stored in (5) temporarily. They soon passed out of the body through (6).

A

Minerals, water, Semi-solid, faeces, large intestine, anus

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23
Q

Matching (Multi-options)
A Saliva…………………………..1 Carbohydrates
B Gastric juice………………….2 Proteins
C Pancreatic juice…………….3 Lipids
D Intestinal juice……………….4 Starch

A

A 4
B 2
C 1 2 3
D 1 2 3

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24
Q

Four types of teeth: (1), (2), (3) and (4)

A

incisor, canine, premolar, molar

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25
Q

Incisor is (1) and with (2). It is used for (3) and (4) food.

A

chisel-shaped, sharp edges, biting, cutting

26
Q

Canine is (1) and used for (2) food.

A

pointed, tearing

27
Q

Premolar has (1) and (2). It is used for (3) and (4) good.

A

cusps, broad chewing surface, grinding, crushing

28
Q

Molar has the (1) and more (2). It is the (3) in size, used for (4) and (5) food.

A

broadest chewing surface, cusps, largest, crushing, grinding

29
Q

Matching
A Incisor…………………..1 Pointed
B Canine…………………2 Two roots
C Premolar………………3 Have cusps
D Molar…………………….4 Chisel-shaped

A

A 4
B 1
C 2
D 3

30
Q

(1) is the part exposed in tooth.

A

Crown

31
Q

(1) is the part surrounded by the gum.

A

Neck

32
Q

(1) is the part embedded inside the jawbone.

A

Root

33
Q

Crown is the part (1) in tooth.

A

expose

34
Q

Neck is the part surrounded by (1).

A

gum

35
Q

Root is the part (1) inside (2).

A

embedded, jawbone

36
Q

(1) is a non-living tissue.

A

Enamel

37
Q

Enamel is a (1) tissue which (2) tooth from (3). It is the (4) material in human body.

A

non-living, protects, damage, hardest

38
Q

(1) is a bone-like living tissue.

A

Dentine

39
Q

Dentine is a (1) living tissue which makes up a (2) part of the tooth.

A

bone-like, large

40
Q

(1) is the centre of the tooth.

A

Pulp cavity

41
Q

Pulp cavity is (1) of the tooth which contains (2) and (3).

A

centre, blood vessels, nerves

42
Q

Blood vessels supply (1) and (2) while nerves detect (3) and (4).

A

oxygen, nutrients, pain, temperature

43
Q

(1) supply oxygen and nutrients while (2) detect pain and temperature.

A

Blood vessels, nerves

44
Q

Root is covered by (1) which (2) root to (3) through (4).

A

cement, attaches, jawbone, periodontal membrane

45
Q

(1) is caused by the action of bacteria in our mouth.

A

Tooth decay

46
Q

Tooth decay is caused by the action of (1) in our (2).

A

bacteria, mouth

47
Q

Bacteria and food (1) in our mouth form (2) and (3) layer called (4).

A

debris, invisible, sticky, plaque

48
Q

Bacteria on the plaque act on (1) in food to produce (2).

A

sugar, acid

49
Q

The acid produced by bacteria may damage (1) and make a (2).

A

enamel, hole

50
Q 
Put in order
A   Acid irritates nerves
B   May have to remove the tooth
C   Form plaque
D   Toothache
E   Spread to dentine and pulp cavity
A

C E A D B

51
Q

Saliva is slightly (1) which helps (2) the acid.

A

alkaline, neutralize

52
Q

(1) happens when plaque is accumulated.

A

Periodontal diseases

53
Q

Accumulated plaque will (1) and form (2).

A

harden, calculus

54
Q

Bacteria in the plaque secrete (1) and make the gums become (2) and (3). The gums thus (4) easily.

A

toxins, red, swollen, bleed

55
Q

(1) might be destroyed if periodontal disease is not treated.

A

Jawbone

56
Q 
Put in order
A    Bacteria secrete toxins
B    Tooth falls out
C    Calculus forms
D   Tooth looses
E    Gums become red and swollen
A

A C E D B or

A E C D B

57
Q

Have (1) at least once a year can find out if there are any dental problems.

A

dental check-up

58
Q

(1) can remove plaque between adjacent teeth.

A

Dental floss

59
Q

(1) contain (2) can strengthen enamel and increases acid-resistance.

A

Toothpastes, fluoride

60
Q

Chew (1) after meal can stimulate the secretion of (2).

A

sugar-free gums, saliva

Biology (6 decks)

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