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PSYCH350 > CH 12 Attraction, Love & communication. > Flashcards

CH 12 Attraction, Love & communication. Flashcards

1
Q

What is attraction?

A

Immediate and positive emotional and/or behavioural response to someone.

  • Emotional measured by how you feel about someone.
  • Behavioural measure by how much you want to meet the person etc.
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2
Q

What are the main components of physical attractiveness?

A
  1. Symmetry
  2. Body size/Proportions
  3. Facial attractiveness
    * Note: the hotter the better, more important to heterosexual men*
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3
Q

What is the cause for some characteristics to e considered attractive?

A
  1. Biology

2. Culture

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4
Q

What is the parental investment theory?

A

-Women have greater minimal obligatory investment when having children. (We commit to a lot more than men have to)

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5
Q

What is the sexual strategies theory?

A

-Men and women face different adaptive problems in reproduction and have evolved differently to overcome these problems.

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6
Q

Historically, what was considered physically attractive?

A
  • Female voluptuousness was associated with femininity and fertility.
  • Male muscularity was associated however with lower class labourers and farmers.
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7
Q

What is considered attractive in current culture?

A

Femininity - sexuality without ties of motherhood, career - thinner, sexiness for just the sake of sexiness.
Masculinity and affluence associated with strength and muscularity.

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8
Q

What do women report being attracted to in men?

A
  • Tall
  • Confident
  • physically strong
  • Powerful bearing
  • Note short men are considered unattractive for both casual and long term relationships
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9
Q

what of women views of men change during their fertile period of their menstrual cycle?

A

Women prefer masculine men during the fertile period and less masculine men in other parts of their cycle.

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9
Q

what of women views of men change during their fertile period of their menstrual cycle?

A

Women prefer masculine men during the fertile period and less masculine men in other parts of their cycle.

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10
Q

What are men attracted to in women?

A
  • Younger women
  • Youthful appearance, full lips, clear smooth skin, clear eyes, lustrous hair, and good muscle tone.
  • Larger breasts (b/c signal reproductive maturity and fertility)
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11
Q

What do women overestimate of their physical attractiveness for men?

A
  1. Men’s preferences for thinner in a mate.

2. Men’s preferences for large breasts.

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12
Q

what is waist to hip ratio?

A

Ratio of the circumference of the waist to circumference of the hips.
On average, female waist to hip ratio of 0.7 is rated most attractive by heterosexual men and lesbians.

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13
Q

What is the optimal waist to hip ratio for general health and fertility?

A

women 0.7
men 0.9

China: 0.6
South America and Africa : 0.8-0.9 from front and 0.6 from side.

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14
Q

How do you calculate the WSR (Waist to shoulder ratio)?

A

WSR= Circumference of waist DIVIDED by the circumference of shoulders. .75 or lower is ideal.

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15
Q

What are the two theories as to why we care about facial symmetry?

A
  • indicator of genetic fitness

- Perceptual bias

16
Q

What is the theory of Facial Sexual Dimorphism? and how does it differ between men and women?

A

Theory: preference for traits that best exhibit sexual maturation and reproductive fitness.

Women- Big eyes, small nose, small chin, full lips, and prominent cheekbones, narrow cheeks, broad smile.

Men- Strong jaws, Broad foreheads, slightly more feminized and baby faced men are more attractive too.

17
Q

What is the dark side of thinness being idealized?

A
  • People associate being overweight with laziness, softness and weakness.
  • Socially accepted prejudice.
  • In Canada more men are overweight than women but more women diet than men.
  • Eating disorders
  • Mixed messages.
18
Q

What factors can influence peoples physical attractiveness?

A

Misattribution of arousal, Positive or negative personality, Environmental factors (influence of friends or peers also media influence).

19
Q

What are the key predictors of partner choice?

A
  • Proximity
  • Mere exposure (Greater attraction the more exposure we have to them unless you have a bad first impression)
  • Homophily
  • Similarity
  • Matching phenomenon
  • Reciprocal liking
20
Q

What is Assortative mating?

A

The tendency to choose a partner who is similar to oneself on one or more characteristics.

21
Q

What is Homophily?

A

The tendency to have contact with people equal in social status.

22
Q

What is Homophily?

A

The tendency to have contact with people equal in social status.

23
Q

What is Ethnicities Role in partner choosing?

A

The most consistent similarity for people in relationships is ethnicity bc 34% of people want someone of their same ethnicity.

24
Q

What is the matching phenomenon?

A

-We tend to choose partners who match us in quality. Self-esteem does play a role.

25
Q

What is reciprocal liking?

A

We like those who like us and we dislike those who dislike us.
Speed dating study.

26
Q

What are some predictors of long term relationship satisfaction?

A
  1. Feeling loved/appreciated
  2. emotional closeness
  3. Sexual satisfaction (Quantity, Type, Context, etc).
  4. Self-disclosure
  5. Ability to resolve conflict
  6. Skilled communication (relationship/sex)
  7. Mindfulness (being present, identifying and communicating emotions).
27
Q

What are the components of Sternberg’s triangular theory of love?

A

Intimacy (emotional component & sexual satisfaction)
Passion (psychical attraction and arousal)
Decision/commitment.

Passion/Intimacy = Romantic Love
Intimacy/Decision/commitment = Companionate love. 
Decision/commitment/Passion = Fatuous love.

ALL TOGETHER = CONSUMMATE LOVE.

28
Q

What does Sternberg mean by love as a story? provide 4 examples.

A

Love contains characters, a plot, a theme.
War example = Constant dighting, two warriors.
Love Is a mystery = Ambiguous, mysterious, a partner that you can never really know.
House and Home = Home is the centre of the relationship.
Garden Story = Love needs constant work/tending.

29
Q

What are societies romantic beliefs?

A

Notion of a “One true love”
73% of Americans believe in a soulmate
Romantic beliefs are associated with a greater risk of relationship collapse.

30
Q

Why is communication important in relationships?

A
  • IMPORTANT FOR ROMANTIC RELATIONSHIPS, SEX INCLUDED.

- Poorer communication at the start of a relationship is linked to relationship problems later on (breakup)

31
Q

what are the four horseman of the apocalypse?(communicating poorly)

A
  1. CRITICISM
  2. CONTEMPT (Disgust or anger)
  3. DEFENSIVENESS (Deny responsibility)
  4. STONEWALLING (Not saying anything, shutting down)

PSYCH350 (5 decks)

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