Ch 12 - Arboviruses

Question 1

enzootic host

Answer 1

a well apated vertebrate reservoir host. Predictably carries the virus

Question 2

Epizootic host

Answer 2

intermittently carrries the virus due to spillover

Question 3

enzootic host usually no dz or dz/death

Answer 3

no Dz

Question 4

epizootic host usually no dz or dz/death

Answer 4

can be assosciated with Dz or death

Question 5

Which host is usually a dead end host? (epizootic/enzootic)

Answer 5

epizootic

Question 6

What is the primary determinant/characteristic of a dead end host?

Answer 6

they do not typically generate a high enough viremia to transmit back to the vector

Question 7

Why is Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis virus (VEEV) an exception concerning transmission from a dead end host?

Answer 7

VEEV does cause a high enough viremia in an epizootic host to transmit back to the vector

Question 9

Arboviruses are mostly RNA or DNA viruses

Answer 9

mostly RNA

Question 10

Bluetongue and EHDV target cell/organ

Answer 10

endothelium

Question 11

Bluetongue and EHDV types of Dz

Answer 11

hemorrhages, infarction

Question 12

EEVs, WNV target cell/organ

Answer 12

brain

Question 13

EEVs, WNV type of Dz

Answer 13

Encephalitis

Question 14

Arboviral Diseases usually localized or systemic

Answer 14

systemic

Question 15

Arbovirus predominant disease syndrome depends on what 3 things

Answer 15

1. virus
2. nature and effectiveness of immune response
3. target organ of virus replication

Question 16

Are arboviral infections contagious or non-contagious?

Answer 16

non-contagious

Question 17

Are the vectors of
arboviruses biological or mechanical?

Answer 17

biological (mosquitos)

Question 18

What part of the brain does EEV replicate within?

Answer 18

cerebral cortex

Question 19

What part of the brain does WNV replicate within?

Answer 19

brainstem and spinal cord

Question 20

WNV: which epizootic host has the portential to transmit back to the mosquito vector?

Answer 20

Corvids

Question 21

Dx for WNV?

Answer 21

CSF, Titer for anti-WNV IgM, PCR, IHC

Question 22

BTV and EHDV Dz in sheep and wild ruminants

Answer 22

systemic vasucular Dz

Question 23

BTV and EHDV Dz in cattle

Answer 23

reproductive Dz

Question 24

Vector for BTV and EHDV?

Answer 24

biting midge

Question 25

Can BTV and EHDV reassort? If yes, why?

Answer 25

Yes, they have a segmented RNA genome.

Question 26

BTV/EHDV target

Answer 26

endothelium

Question 27

Major diseases of BTV and EHDV

Answer 27

hemorrhagic and reproductive