CH. 12

Question 1

Renaissance

Answer 1

A French word meaning “rebirth,” used to describe the rebirth of the culture of classical antiquity in Italy during the 14th-16th centuries.

Question 2

Patronage

Answer 2

Financial support of writers and artists by cities, groups, and individuals, often to produce specific works or works in specific styles.

Question 3

Communes

Answer 3

Sworn associations of free men in Italian cities led by merchant guilds that sough political and economic independence from local nobles.

Question 4

Popolo

Answer 4

Disenfranchised common people in Italian cities who resented their exclusion from power.

Question 5

Signori

Answer 5

Government by one-man rule in Italian cities such as Milan; also refers to these rulers.

Question 6

Courts

Answer 6

Magnificent households and palaces where signori and other rulers lived, conducted business, and supported the arts.

Question 7

Humanism

Answer 7

A program of study designed by Italians that emphasized the critical study of Latin and Greek literature with the goal of understanding human nature.

Question 8

Virtu

Answer 8

The quality of being able to shape the world according to one’s own will.

Question 9

Christian humanists

Answer 9

Northern humanists who interpreted Italian ideas about and attitudes toward classical antiquity and humanism in terms of their own religious traditions.