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Cosmetology! > Ch 12 > Flashcards

Ch 12 Flashcards

1
Q

The branch of science that applies to substances that contain carbon is called _____ chemistry.

a. inorganic
b. organic
c. environmental
d. structural

A

b. organic

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2
Q

All haircolor products are organic chemicals, which means they _____.

a. are natural and healthy
b. contain non-synthetic ingredients
c. contain carbon and hydrogen
d. lack carbon but may contain hydrogen

A

c. contain carbon and hydrogen

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3
Q

What is the study of substances that lack the element carbon, but may contain the element hydrogen?

a. Inorganic chemistry
b. Physical chemistry
c. Stereochemistry
d. Biochemistry

A

a. Inorganic chemistry

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4
Q

A characteristic of all inorganic substances is that they _____.

a. burn easily
b. contain hydrogen
c. are derived from living things
d. lack carbon

A

d. lack carbon

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5
Q

The simplest form of chemical matter that cannot be broken down without the loss of identity is a(n) _____.

a. element
b. energy
c. substance
d. mineral

A

a. element

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6
Q

There are _____ naturally occurring elements, each with its own distinct physical and chemical properties.

a. 68
b. 98
c. 118
d. 138

A

b. 98

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7
Q

The basic unit of matter, with a nucleus at the center surrounded by negatively charged electrons that
move around the nucleus in orbits, is a(n) _____.
a. atom
b. ion
c. proton
d. neutron

A

a. atom

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8
Q

Chemically combining two or more atoms produces a _____.

a. mixture
b. substance
c. molecule
d. miscible

A

c. molecule

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9
Q

The chemical combination of two or more atoms of different elements produces a(n) _____.

a. compound
b. solution
c. neutral
d. acid

A

a. compound

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10
Q

Sodium chloride is an example of a(n) _____.

a. compound molecule
b. atom
c. element
d. mineral

A

a. compound molecule

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11
Q

What state of matter has a definite volume but takes the shape of its container?

a. Solid
b. Liquid
c. Gas
d. Vapor

A

b. Liquid

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12
Q

What is an example of a chemical property?

a. Solubility
b. Density
c. Ability to rust
d. Boiling point

A

c. Ability to rust

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13
Q

Change in the form of a substance that does not cause a chemical reaction is a(n) _____ change.

a. anion
b. chemical
c. matter
d. physical

A

d. physical

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14
Q

The oxidation of haircolor is an example of a _____.

a. physical change
b. chemical change
c. reversible process
d. change in the state of matter

A

b. chemical change

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15
Q 
What type of chemical reaction results in the oxidizing agent being reduced and the reducing agent
being oxidized? 
a.  Decomposition 
b.  Simple displacement 
c.  Neutralization 
d.  Redox
A

d. Redox

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16
Q

Chemical reactions that are characterized by giving off heat are _____.

a. neutralized
b. acidic
c. oxidized
d. exothermic

A

d. exothermic

17
Q

The rapid oxidation of a substance, accompanied by the production of heat and light, is known as _____.

a. implosion
b. combustion
c. entropy
d. synthesis

A

b. combustion

18
Q

A chemical combination of matter in definite (fixed) proportions is a _____.

a. physical mixture
b. physical blend
c. pure substance
d. pure combination

A

c. pure substance

19
Q

Air contains many substances, including nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and water vapor, and is an example of a _____.

a. physical mixture
b. chemical change
c. pure substance
d. chemical compound

A

a. physical mixture

20
Q

A stable physical mixture of two or more substances in a solvent is a(n) _____.

a. blend
b. solute
c. solution
d. emulsion

A

c. solution

21
Q

A substance, usually liquid, that dissolves another substance to form a solution is a(n) _____.

a. solvent
b. immiscible
c. solute
d. solid

A

a. solvent

22
Q

Mutually soluble liquids that can be mixed together to form clear solutions are _____.

a. fusible
b. miscible
c. solvents
d. compatible

A

b. miscible

23
Q

Water and alcohol _____.

a. are insoluble substances
b. form a suspension when mixed together c. form distinct layers when combined
d. are examples of miscible liquids

A

d. are examples of miscible liquids

24
Q

An unstable physical mixture of two or more immiscible substances is a(n) _____.

a. synthesis
b. emulsion
c. suspension
d. solution

A

b. emulsion

25
Q

Substances that allow oil and water to mix, or emulsify, are _____.

a. suspensions
b. mixtures
c. particles
d. surfactants

A

d. surfactants

26
Q

Being “capable of combining with or attracting water (water-loving)” is defined as _____.

a. lipophilic
b. halophilic
c. hydrophilic
d. acidophilic

A

c. hydrophilic

27
Q

“Having an affinity or attraction to fat and oils (oil-loving)” is defined as _____.

a. lipophilic
b. oligophilic
c. lyophilic
d. oxyphilic

A

a. lipophilic

28
Q

What is an example of an oil-in-water emulsion of two immiscible liquids?

a. Nail primer
b. Glycerin
c. Cold cream
d. Silicone

A

c. Cold cream

29
Q

Substances used to neutralize acids or raise the pH of many hair products are _____.

a. volatile alcohols
b. alkanolamines
c. carbons
d. silicones

A

b. alkanolamines

30
Q

What is an example of an ammonia compound that is used to perform chemical services in a salon?

a. Ionization hydroxide
b. Ammonium hydroxide
c. Cetyl alcohol
d. Silicone solutions

A

b. Ammonium hydroxide

31
Q

A sweet, colorless, oily substance that is used as a moisturizer in skin and body creams is _____.

a. silicone
b. ammonia
c. glycerin
d. alkanolamines

A

c. glycerin

32
Q

A common volatile organic compound used in hair spray is _____.

a. ionized water
b. ammonia water
c. hydrogen peroxide
d. ethyl alcohol

A

d. ethyl alcohol

33
Q

An atom or molecule that carries an electrical charge is a(n) _____.

a. electrolyte
b. ion
c. current
d. conductor

A

b. ion

34
Q

What term refers to the separation of an atom or molecule into positive and negative ions?

a. Ionization
b. Aeration
c. Deionization
d. Dissolution

A

a. Ionization

35
Q

An ion with a positive electrical charge is considered to be _____.

a. nonaqueous
b. a cation
c. neutral
d. an anion

A

b. a cation

36
Q

A solution with a pH value of seven indicates a(n) _____ solution.

a. volatile
b. alkaline
c. neutral
d. acidic

A

c. neutral

Cosmetology! (33 decks)

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