Ch. 12

Question 1

2. The peripheral nervous system can be divided into:
   a. Somatic nervous system
   b. Autonomic nervous system
   c. Enteric nervous system
   d. All of the above

Answer 1

d. All of the above

Question 2

3. The motor portion of the autonomic nervous system can be divided into:
   a. Sympathetic division
   b. Parasympathetic division
   c. Enteric division
   d. Both a and b
   e. All of the above

Answer 2

All of the above

Question 3

4. This has the property of electrical excitability.
   a. Muscle cells
   b. Neurons
   c. All of the above
   d. None of the above

Answer 3

c. All of the above

Question 4

5. This is the site of protein synthesis in a neuron.
   a. Mitochondria
   b. Nucleus
   c. Nissl body
   d. Dendrite
   e. Axon

Answer 4

c. Nissl body

Question 5

6. Nerve fiber refers to:
   a. Axon
   b. Dendrites
   c. Nissl body
   d. Both a and b
   e. All of the above

Answer 5

d. Both a and b

Question 6

7. This type of neuron has one main dendrite and one main axon.
   a. Multipolar neuron
   b. Bipolar neuron
   c. Unipolar neuron
   d. Purkinje cell
   e. Renshaw cell

Answer 6

b. Bipolar neuron

Question 7

8. Schwann cells begin to form myelin sheaths around axons
   a. When neurons are injured
   b. During fetal development
   c. After birth
   d. Only in response to a disorder
   e. None of the above

Answer 7

b. During fetal development

Question 8

9. This contains neuronal cell bodies, dendrites, unmyelinated axons, axon terminals and neruoglia.
   a. Gray matter
   b. White matter
   c. Astrocytes
   d. Satellite cells
   e. Ependymal cells

Answer 8

a. Gray matter

Question 9

10. Which is not a type of channel used in production of an electrical signal in neurons?
    a. Leakage channel
    b. Voltage-gated channel
    c. Ligand-gated channel
    d. Mechanically gated channel
    e. Ion dependent channel

Answer 9

e. Ion dependent channel

Question 10

11. The resting membrane potential in neurons ranges from:
    a. +5 to 100 mV
    b. –25 to -70 mV
    c. –40 to –90 mV
    d. –90 to 5 mV
    e. None of the above

Answer 10

c. –40 to –90 mV

Question 11

12. A polarized cell
    a. Can vary from +5 to –100 mV
    b. Includes most cells of the body
    c. Exhibits a membrane potential
    d. Both b and c
    e. All of the above

Answer 11

e. All of the above

Question 12

13. Sodium pumps are considered electrogenic because
    a. They contribute to the negativity of the resting membrane potential
    b. Because the sodium ions a re negatively charged
    c. Because they exhibit low permeability
    d. Both a and b
    e. All of the above

Answer 12

a. They contribute to the negativity of the resting membrane potential

Question 13

14. A depolarizing graded potential
    a. Makes the membrane more polarized
    b. Makes the membrane less polarized
    c. Is not considered a graded potential
    d. Is the last part of an action potential
    e. Is seen when the cell approaches threshold

Answer 13

b. Makes the membrane less polarized

Question 14

15. When a depolarizing graded potential makes the membrane depolarize to threshold
    a. Ligand gated Ca+ channels close rapidly
    b. Voltage gated CA+ channels open rapidly
    c. Ligand gated Na+ channels close rapidly
    d. Voltage gated Na+ channels open rapidly
    e. None of the above

Answer 14

d. Voltage gated Na+ channels open rapidly

Question 15

16. During the resting state of a voltage gated Na+ channel
    a. The inactivation gate is open
    b. The activation gate is closed
    c. The channel is permeable
    d. Both a and b
    e. All of the above

Answer 15

c. The channel is permeable

Question 16

17. During which period can a second action potential be initiated by a larger than normal stimulus?
    a. Refractory period
    b. Absolute refractory period
    c. Relative refractory period
    d. All of the above
    e. None of the above

Answer 16

c. Relative refractory period

Question 17

18. Saltatory conduction
    a. Occurs through unmyelinated axons
    b. Happens due to even distribution of voltage gated channels
    c. Encode only action potentials in response to pain
    d. Both a and b
    e. None of the above

Answer 17

e. None of the above

Question 18

19. Which axons have the largest diameter?
    a. A fibers
    b. B fibers
    c. C fibers
    d. None of the above

Answer 18

a. A fibers

Question 19

20. What phenomenon explains why a light touch feels different than a touch applied with more pressure?
    a. Saltatory conduction
    b. Continuous conduction
    c. Frequency of impulses
    d. Propagation
    e. Refractory period

Answer 19

c. Frequency of impulses

Question 20

1. Which of the following is not a function of the nervous system?
   a. Sensory function
   b. Integrative function
   c. Motor function
   d. All are functions of the nervous system

Answer 20

d. All are functions of the nervous system

Question 21

21. Which of the following terms describes synapses?
    a. Axodendritic
    b. Axosomatic
    c. Axoaxonic
    d. None of the above
    e. All of the above

Answer 21

e. All of the above

Question 22

22. Faster communication and synchronization are two advantages of
    a. Chemical synapsis
    b. Electrical synapses
    c. Ligand gated channels
    d. Voltage gated channels
    e. Mechanically gated channels

Answer 22

b. Electrical synapses

Question 23

23. If a neurotransmitter depolarizes the postsynaptic membrane it is referred to as:
    a. Excitatory
    b. Inhibitory
    c. Spatial
    d. Temporal
    e. Summation

Answer 23

Excitatory

Question 24

24. IPSP stands for:
    a. Inhbitory presynaptic summation potential
    b. Inhibitory postsynaptic summation potential
    c. Inhibitory postsynaptic potential
    d. Inhibitory presynaptic potential
    e. None of the above

Answer 24

c. Inhibitory postsynaptic potential

Question 25

25. Diffusion, enzymatic degradation, and uptake by cells are all ways to
    a. Remove a neurotransmitter
    b. Stop a spatial summation
    c. Continue a temporal summation
    d. Inhibit a presynaptic potential
    e. Excite a presynaptic potential

Answer 25

a. Remove a neurotransmitter

Question 26

26. Where does summation occur?
    a. In the synaptic cleft
    b. In the dendrites
    c. At the trigger zone
    d. In the neuron nucleus
    e. In the neuroplasm

Answer 26

c. At the trigger zone

Question 27

27. A postsynaptic neuron may respond to inhibitory and excitatory effects in which of the following ways:
    a. EPSP
    b. Nerve impulse
    c. IPSP
    d. Both a and c
    e. All of the above

Answer 27

e. All of the above

Question 28

28. Which of the following is not considered a small molecule neurotransmitter?
    a. Acetylcholine
    b. Biogenic amines
    c. Purines
    d. Endorphins
    e. Serotonin

Answer 28

Endorphins

Question 29

29. This neural circuit consists of a single presynaptic neuron synapsing with several postsynaptic neurons.
    a. Diverging circuit
    b. Converging circuit
    c. Reverberating circuit
    d. Parallel after discharge circuit
    e. Normal circuit

Answer 29

a. Diverging circuit

Question 30

30. Plasticity means
    a. The ability to regenerate
    b. Sending a signal through a converging circuit
    c. Signal transmission at a synapse
    d. Capability to change based on experience
    e. The ability to stretch without damage

Answer 30

d. Capability to change based on experience