CH 12 Flashcards
Adenoids
lymphatic tissue in the nasopharynx pharyngeal tonsils
alveolus
air sac in the lung
apex of the lung
tip or uppermost portion of the lung
base of the lung
lower portion of the lung
bronchioles
smallest branches of the bronchi
bronchus
branch of the trachea that is a passage way into the lung bronchial tube
carbon dioxide
gas produced by body cells when oxygen and carbon atoms from food combine; exhaled through the lungs
cilia
thin hairs attached to the mucous membrane epithelium lining the respiratory tract
diaphragm
muscle separating the chest abdomen
epiglottis
lid like piece of cartilage that covers the larynx, preventing food from entering the larynx and trachea during swallowing
glottis
slit like opening to the larynx
hilum (of lung)
midline region where the bronchi blood vessels and nerves enter and exit the lungs
larynx
voice box
lobe
division of a lung
mediastinum
region between the lungs in the chest cavity
oxygen
gas that makes up 21% of the air that we breathe
palatine tonsil
one of a pair of almond-shaped masses of lymphatic tissue in the oropharynx
paranasal sinus
one of the air cavities in the bones near the nose
parietal pleura
outer layer of pleura lying closer to the ribs and chest wall
pharynx
throat
pleura
double layered membrane surrounding each lung
pleural cavity
space between the layers of the pleura
pulmonary parenchyma
essential parts of the lung, responsible for respiration
trachea
windpipe
visceral pleura
inner layer of pleura lying closer to the lung tissue
auscultation
listening to sounds within the body
percussion
taping on a surface to determine the difference in the density of the underlying structure
pleural rub
scratchy sound produced by pleural surfaces rubbing against each other
rales (crackles)
fine crackling sounds heard on auscultation when there is fluid in the alveoli
sputum
material expelled from the bronchi lungs or upper respiratory tract by spitting
stridor
strained high pitched sound heard on inspiration caused by obstruction in the pharynx or larynx
wheezes
continuous high pitched whistling sounds produced during breathing
asthma
chronic inflammatory disorder with airway obstruction due to bronchial and bronchiolar edema and constriction
atelectasis
collapsed lung; incomplete expansion of alveoli
bronchiectasis
chronic dilation of a bronchus, usually secondary to infection
chronic bronchitis
inflammation of bronchi persisting over a long time; type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
croup
acute viral infection of infants and children with obstruction of the larynx, accompanied by barking cough and stridor
cystic fibrosis
inherited disorder of exocrine glands resulting in thick mucinous secretions in the respiratory tract that do not drain normally
diptheria
acute infection of the throat and upper respiratory tract caused by the diphtheria bacterium
emphysema
hyperinflation of air sacs with destruction of alveolar walls
epistaxis
nosebleed
mesothelioma
rare malignant tumor arising in the pleura
pertussis
whooping cough
pleural effusion
abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural space
pleurisy
inflammation of the pleura
pneumoconiosis
abnormal lung condition caused by exposure to certain dusts; with chronic inflammation, infection, and bronchitis
pneumonia
acute inflammation and infection of alveoli, which fill with pus or products of the inflammatory reaction
pneumothorax
collection of air in the pleural space
pulmonary abscess
large collection of pus in the lungs
pulmonary edema
fluid in the air sacs and bronchioles
pulmonary embolism
clot or other material lodges in vessels of the lung
pulmonary fibrosis
formation of scar tissue in the connective tissue of the lungs
sarcoidosis
chronic inflammatory disease in which small nodules develop in lungs, lymph nodes, and other organs
tuberculosis
infectious disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis
chest x-ray
radiographic image of the thoracic cavity
computed tomography
computer-generated series of x-ray images show thoracic structures in cross section and other planes
endotracheal intubation
placement of a tube through the mouth into the pharynx, larynx, and trachea to establish an airway
laryngoscopy
visual examination of the voice box
lung biopsy
removal of lung tissue followed by microscopic examination
mri
magnetic waves create detailed images of the chest in frontal, lateral, and cross-sectional planes
mediastinoscopy
endoscopic visual examination of the mediastinum
pulmonary function tests
tests that measure the ventilation mechanics of the lungs
thoracentesis
needle is inserted into pleural space to remove excess fluid
thoracotomy
large surical incision of the chest
thoracoscopy
visual examination of the chest via small incisions and use of an endoscope
tracheostomy
surgical creation of an opening into the trachea through the neck
tube thoracostomy
flexible plastic chest tube is passed into the pleural space through an opening in the chest
tuberculin test
determines past or present tuberculous exposure based on a positive skin reaction
adenoid/o
adenoids
alveol/o
alveolus, air sac
bronch/o
bronchial tube, bronchus
bronchi/o
bronchial tube, bronchus
bronchiol/o
bronchiole, small bronchus
capn/o
carbon dioxide
coni/o
dust
cyan/o
blue
epiglott/o
epiglottis
laryng/o
larynx, voice box
lob/o
lobe of the lung
mediastin/o
mediastinum
nas/o
nose
orth/o
straight, upright
ox/o
oxygen
pector/o
chest
pharyng/o
pharynx, throat
phon/o
voice
phren/o
diaphragm
pleur/o
pleura
pneum/o
air, lung
pneumon/o
air, lung
pulmon/o
lung
rhin/o
nose
sinus/o
sinus, cavity
spir/o
breathing
tel/o
complete
thorac/o
chest
tonsil/o
tonsils
trache/o
trachea, windpipe
-ema
condition
-osmia
smell
-pnea
breathing
-ptysis
spitting
-sphyxia
pulse
-thorax
pleural cavity
