Ch 12

Question 1

Balance

Answer 1

The ability to keep ones bodys center of gravity within the base of support during any type of movement

Question 2

Static balance

Answer 2

Ability to maintain the center of gravity within the supporting base while standing or sitting

Question 3

Dynamic balance

Answer 3

Maintaining an upright position while the center of gravity and base of support are moving and the center of gravity is moving outsdie the supporting base

Question 4

Three body systems that are responsible for balance

Answer 4

Vestibular
Sensory
Visual

Question 5

Age effect on balance

Answer 5

Older you are more risk of falling and lower balance

Question 6

Gender effect on balance

Answer 6

Different centers of gravity
Male: higher
Girls: lower

Question 7

Unipedal stance test

Answer 7

Client stand on one foot up to 60 seconds one time eyes open and one time eyes closed

Question 8

Romberg test

Answer 8

Feet together and arms crossed with eyes opened and closed. Modified you will have a staggered stance

Question 9

Functional reach test

Answer 9

Yardstick on wall parallel to floor at the clients acromion process the client approaches the stick while making a fist going up to the third metacarpal as the starting point then the client reaches forward as far as they can with falling or taking a step record the data

Question 10

Star excursion balance test

Answer 10

Client stands in center of star and must maintain balance with hands on hip and try to maximally reach in each direction. They get six trials and three measurements during each reach.

Question 11

Timed up and go test

Answer 11

At the signal the client stand ups from the chair and goes 10ft to an endpoint to theb turn around and sit back down as fast as possible

Question 12

Balance error scoring test

Answer 12

Feet side to side
Nondominant foot balance
Tandem with heel touching the nondinant toes
6 20 secodn trials
1 point of error for everytime they
- take hands off iliac crest
- open eyes
- stepping, stumbling, or falling
- hips move more than 30 degrees of flexion or abduction
- lifting forefoot or heel
- remaining out if position for more than 5 secs

Question 13

Ideal postural alignment anterior

Answer 13

• Dropped shoulder on dominant arm
• palms at thighs
• patella aligned between first and second toe

Question 14

Deviations anterior postural

Answer 14

Head tilt
Palms facing posteriorly 
Uneven hip height 
Hyperpronated feet
Hips externally rotated

Question 15

Ideal posterior postural

Answer 15

Dropped shoulder of dominant arm

• palms at thigh
• patella aligned with first and second toe

Question 16

Deviations of posterior

Answer 16

Winged scapula 
Head tilt 
Palms face posterior 
Uneven hip height 
Huperpronated feet
Hips externally rotated

Question 17

Ideal lateral postural

Answer 17

Line down middle of ear, shoulder, lumbar spine, middle of femur, and lateral malleolus

Question 18

Deviations lateral

Answer 18

Forward head

• rounded shoulders
• increased thoracic kyphosis
• increased lumbar lordosis
• knees locked into hyperextension