Ch 11: Properties of the Hair & Scalp Flashcards
The scientific study of hair, its diseases, and care is called _____.
trichology
The two parts of a mature strand of human hair are the _____.
hair root and hair shaft
The tube-like depression or pocket in the skin or scalp that contains the hair root is the _____.
hair follicle
Hair follicles are not found on the _____.
soles of the feet
The _____ is the small, involuntary muscle in the base of the hair follicle.
arrector pili muscle
The fatty or oily substance secreted by the sebaceous glands is _____.
sebum
For chemicals to penetrate a healthy cuticle hair layer, they must have _____.
an alkaline pH
The medulla is composed of _____ cells.
round
During the _____ phase, new hair is produced because new cells are actively manufactured in the hair follicle.
anagen
The major elements that make up human hair are carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, _____.
nitrogen, and sulfur
The strong, chemical bonds that join amino acids are called _____.
peptide bonds
Which type of melanin provides natural colors ranging from red and ginger to yellow and blonde tones?
Pheomelanin
Asians tend to have _____ hair.
extremely straight
To help minimize tangles in extremely curly hair when shampooing, you should use _____.
a detangling rinse
Hair texture is classified as _____.
coarse, medium, or fine
The measurement of the number of individual hair strands in one square inch (2.5 square centimeters) of the scalp is _____.
hair density
Compared to hair with high porosity, chemical services performed on a hair with low porosity require _____.
more alkaline solutions
Wet hair with normal elasticity will stretch up to _____ of its original length and return to that length without breaking.
50%
Oily hair and scalp can be treated by properly washing with a _____.
normalizing shampoo
Which type of hair almost never has a medulla?
Vellus
During which phase does the follicle canal shrink and detach from the dermal papilla?
Catagen
The average growth of healthy scalp hair is _____.
1/2 inch (1.25 cm) per month
The technical term used to describe gray hair is _____.
canities
A condition of abnormal growth of terminal hair in areas of the body that normally grow only vellus hair is _____.
hypertrichosis
The technical term for dandruff is _____.
pityriasis
Which of the five main structures of the hair root contain the blood and nerve supply that provides the nutrients needed for hair growth?
Dermal papilla
Because there are so many of them, salt bonds account for about _____ of the hair’s overall strength.
one third
The anagen phase generally last from 3 to 5 _____.
years
Scalp hair grows _____ on women than on men.
faster
The _____ phase signals the end of the growth phase.
catagen
Scalp massage _____ hair growth.
does not increase
Compared to pigmented hair, gray hair is _____.
exactly the same
Cross-sections of hair _____.
can be almost any shape
Bald men are commonly perceived as _____.
less successful
By age 35, almost _____ percent of both men and women show some degree of hair loss.
40
Finasteride is an oral prescription medication for hair loss that is meant for _____.
men only
Congenital canities exists _____.
at or before birth
Dandruff can easily be mistaken for _____.
dry scalp
Current research confirms that dandruff is the result of a _____.
fungus
When the living cells of hair form and begin their journey upward through the hair follicle, they mature in a process called _____.
keratinization
Tinea is characterized by _____, scales, and sometimes, painful circular lesions.
itching
The infestation of the hair and scalp with head lice is called _____.
pediculosis capitis
A carbuncle is similar to a furuncle but is _____.
larger
Fine hair is _____ than coarse or medium hair.
more fragile
Coarse hair _____.
is stronger than fine hair
The _____ is the outermost layer of the hair.
hair cuticle
The oil glands in the skin that are connected to the hair follicles are the _____ glands.
sebaceous
A _____ bond is a weak, physical, cross-link side bond easily broken by water or heat.
hydrogen
Hair is approximately _____ percent protein
90
Total scalp hair loss is known as _____.
alopecia totalis
Hypertrichosis is also known as _____.
hirsuties
The naturally occurring fungus that causes the symptoms of dandruff when it grows out of control is _____.
malassezia
The _____ is the lowest part of a hair strand.
hair bulb
The technical term for a beaded hair is _____.
monilethrix
A highly contagious skin disease caused by a parasite called a mite that burrows under the skin is _____.
scabies
The term for the spiral shape of a coiled protein is _____.
helix
Shaving, clipping, and cutting the hair on the head _____.
has no effect on hair growth
Dry, sulfur-yellow, cup-like crusts on the scalp are called _____.
scutula
The _____ are part of the integumentary system.
hair, skin, nails, and glands
The long, of coarse, pigmented hair found on the scalp, legs, arms, and bodies of males and females is called _____.
terminal hair
The technical term for knotted hair is _____.
trichorrhexis nodosa
The _____ is the innermost layer of the hair and is composed of round cells.
medulla
When hair leaves the follicles at an angle informs patterns or streams on the head, it is called _____.
a whorl
The part of the hair located below the surface of the epidermis is the _____.
hair root
A particular pattern of hair stream that is usually more noticeable in the front hairline in people with short, thick hair is a _____.
cowlick
The ability of the hair to absorb moisture is called _____.
hair porosity
The middle layer of the hair is the _____.
cortex
An autoimmune disorder that causes the affected hair follicles to be mistakenly at attacked by a person’s own immune system is _____.
alopecia areata
Vellus hair is also known as _____.
lanugo hair
The technical term for ringworm is _____.
tinea
