Ch 10: Nail Disorders & Diseases

Question 1

A normal, healthy nail is firm but flexible and should be _____.

Answer 1

smooth and unspotted

Question 2

If a client has ridges running vertically down the length of the natural nail plate, it is recommended that you _____.

Answer 2

carefully buff the nail plate

Question 3

The medical term for fungal infections of the feet is _____.

Answer 3

tinea pedis

Question 4

A typical pseudomonal bacterial infection on the nail plate can be identified in early stages as a _____ spot that becomes darker in its advanced stages.

Answer 4

light-green

Question 5

The separation and falling off of a nail plate from the nail bed is _____.

Answer 5

onychomadesis

Question 6

Onychorrhexis is caused by injury to the matrix, excessive use of cuticle removers, harsh cleaning agents, aggressive filing techniques, or _____.

Answer 6

heredity

Question 7

Tiny pits or severe roughness on the surface of the nail plate are signs of which condition?

Answer 7

Nail psoriasis

Question 8

The term _____ refers to a condition caused by injury, heredity, or previous disease of the nail unit.

Answer 8

nail disorder

Question 9

Splinter hemorrhages are caused by physical trauma or injury to the _____.

Answer 9

nail bed

Question 10

Nail fungi are contagious and can be transmitted through _____ instruments.

Answer 10

contaminated

Question 11

Onychomadesis can usually be traced to a localized infection, injuries to the matrix, or _____.

Answer 11

a severe systemic illness

Question 12

Any deformity what disease of the natural nail is known as _____.

Answer 12

onychosis

Question 13

Which condition is characterized by nail plates that are noticeably thin, white, and more flexible than normal?

Answer 13

Eggshell nails

Question 14

Which of the following is a common cause of surface stains on nails?

Answer 14

Smoking

Question 15

The condition in which a blood clot forms under the nail plate, causing a dark purplish spot, is _____.

Answer 15

bruised nail beds

Question 16

The condition in which the living skin around the nail splits in tears is _____.

Answer 16

a hangnail

Question 17

The lifting of the nail plate from the bed without shedding is _____.

Answer 17

onycholysis

Question 18

The term _____ refers to darkening of the fingernails or toenails.

Answer 18

melanonychia

Question 19

When increased crosswise curvature throughout the nail plate results in the free edge pinching and sidewalls into a deep curve, it is known as pincer nail or _____.

Answer 19

trumpet nail

Question 20

Visible depressions running across the width of the natural nail plate are known as _____.

Answer 20

Beau’s lines

Question 21

Blue fingernails are usually caused by a lack of _____ in the red blood cells.

Answer 21

circulating oxygen

Question 22

Koilonychia are soft spoon nails with a _____ shape.

Answer 22

concave

Question 23

The technical term for white spots, or whitish discoloration of the nail is _____.

Answer 23

leukonychia spots

Question 24

The technical term for a bitten nails is _____.

Answer 24

onychophagy

Question 25

And abnormal condition that occurs when the skin is stretched by the nail plate is _____.

Answer 25

nail pterygium

Question 26

A fungal infection of the natural nail plate is known as _____.

Answer 26

onychomycosis

Question 27

Hey severe inflammation of the nail in which a lump of red tissue grows up from the nail bed to the nail plate is known as _____.

Answer 27

pyogenic granuloma

Question 28

The technical term for ingrown nail is _____.

Answer 28

onychocryptosis

Question 29

A proper hand analysis will allow you to identify disease, disorders, and conditions, including signs of infection, which may be identified through pain, redness, swelling, throbbing, and _____.

Answer 29

pus

Question 30

After performing the nail examination, you should identify any form of onychosis, note the apparent cause, suggest the proper service or refer the client to a physician, and _____.

Answer 30

discuss home maintenance and a future service plan