Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Med Terms - PPT Notes > Ch 11 PPT Notes > Flashcards

Ch 11 PPT Notes Flashcards

1
Q

Endocrine System Function

A

Endocrine glands secrete hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Hormones Purpose

A

Regulate body activities (Metabolic rate; Water and mineral balance; Immune system reactions; Sexual functioning)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Organs of the Endocrine System

A

Adrenal glands; Ovaries; Pancreas (islets of Langerhans); Parathyroid glands; Pineal gland; Pituitary gland; Testes; Thymus gland; Thyroid gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

acr/o

A

extremities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

adren/o; adrenal/o

A

adrenal glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

andr/o

A

male

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

calc/o

A

calcium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

crin/o

A

to secrete

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

estr/o

A

female

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

gluc/o

A

glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

glyc/o; glycos/o

A

sugar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

gonad/o

A

sex glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

home/o

A

sameness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

iod/o

A

iodine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

kal/i

A

potassium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

ket/o

A

ketones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

mineral/o

A

minerals; electrolytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

natr/o

A

sodium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

ophthalm/o

A

eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

ovari/o

A

ovary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

pancreat/o

A

pancreas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

parathyroid/o

A

parathyroid gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

pineal/o

A

pineal gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

pituitar/o

A

pituitary gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

testicul/o

A

testes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

thym/o

A

thymus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

thyr/o; thyroid/o

A

thyroid gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

toxic/o

A

poison

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

–crine

A

to secrete

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

–dipsia

A

thirst

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

–prandial

A

relating to a meal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

–pressin

A

to press down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

–tropin

A

to stimulate

34
Q

Purpose of glands

A

Secrete hormones directly into bloodstream:
Chemicals that act on target organs.
Increase or decrease target’s activity level.
Instrumental in maintaining homeostasis:
Maintain stable internal environment

35
Q

Two types of glands in body

A

Exocrine glands & endocrine glands

36
Q

Exocrine glands

A

Release secretions into duct that carries them to outside of body (Example: sweat glands)

37
Q

Endocrine glands

A

Release hormones directly into bloodstream; Have no ducts; referred to as ductless glands (Example: thyroid gland )

38
Q

Glands of the Endocrine System

A

Adrenal glands (x2); Parathyroid glands(x4); Pancreas; Pineal gland; Pituitary gland; Ovaries (x2); Testes (x2); Thymus gland; Thyroid gland

39
Q

Corticosteroids

A

Steroid hormones secreted by adrenal cortex.

40
Q

Three different families of corticosteroids

A

Mineralocorticoids; Glucocorticoids; Steroid sex hormones

41
Q

Mineralocorticoid

A

Regulates sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) levels (Example: aldosterone)

42
Q

Glucocorticoid

A

Regulates carbohydrates (Example: cortisol)

43
Q

Steroid sex hormones

A

Regulate secondary sexual characteristics (Androgens; estrogen; and progesterone)

44
Q

Adrenal Medulla

A

Inner portion; Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine critical during emergency situations.

45
Q

Epinephrine is also called

A

Adrenaline

46
Q

Ovaries

A

Two located in pelvic cavity of females;

Secrete female sex hormones; estrogen and progesterone.

47
Q

Estrogen is responsible for:

A

Female sexual characteristics; Regulation of menstrual cycle

48
Q

Progesterone

A

Maintains suitable uterine environment for pregnancy

49
Q

Pancreas

A

Located along lower curvature of stomach.

Only organ that has both endocrine and exocrine functions.

50
Q

Pancreas: exocrine portion

A

Releases digestive enzymes through duct into duodenum

51
Q

Pancreas: endocrine portion

A

Islets of Langerhans.

Produce insulin and glucagon

52
Q

Insulin

A

Produced by beta cells in endocrine section in pancreas.
Stimulates cells of body to take in glucose from bloodstream.
Lowers blood sugar level.
Occurs after eating a meal and absorbing carbohydrates.

53
Q

Glucagon

A

Produced by alpha cells in the endocrine section of pancreas.
Stimulates liver to release stored glucose into bloodstream.
Raises blood sugar levels.
Occurs when body needs more glucose.

54
Q

Parathyroid Glands

A

4 tiny glands on dorsal surface of thyroid gland.

Secretes parathyroid hormone (PTH) .

55
Q

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

A

Regulates level of calcium in bloodstream

56
Q

If calcium levels in blood fall too low:

A

Parathyroid hormone levels in the blood increase

57
Q

Pineal Gland

A

Small pinecone shaped gland in thalamus of brain.

Secretes melatonin.

58
Q

Melatonin

A

Not well understood but plays a role in regulating body’s circadian rhythm.

59
Q

Anterior Pituitary

A

Referred to as “master gland”.
Secretes hormones that regulate other endocrine glands:
Thyroid-stimulating hormone & Adrenocorticotropin hormone.

60
Q

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

A

Regulates function of thyroid gland

61
Q

Adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH)

A

Regulates function of adrenal cortex

62
Q

Gonadotropins

A 
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
Luteinizing hormone (LH)
63
Q

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

A

Responsible for development of ova and sperm.

Also stimulates ovary to secrete estrogen.

64
Q

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

A

Stimulates secretion of sex hormones.

Plays a role in releasing ova in females.

65
Q

Growth hormone (GH)

A

Also called somatotropin.

Stimulates cells to grow and divide.

66
Q

Prolactin (PRL)

A

Stimulates milk production in breast

67
Q

Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)

A

Stimulates melanocytes to produce more melanin

68
Q

Posterior Pituitary

A

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

69
Q

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

A

Also called vasopressin.

Promotes water reabsorption by the kidney tubules.

70
Q

Oxytocin

A

Stimulates uterine contractions during labor and delivery.

After birth stimulates release of milk from breast.

71
Q

Testes

A

Two oval glands located in scrotum.

Secrete male sex hormone, testosterone.

72
Q

Testosterone

A

Produces male secondary sexual characteristics.

Regulates sperm production.

73
Q

Thymus Gland

A

Located in mediastinum.
Part of immune system.
Also endocrine gland (secretes thymosin).

74
Q

Thymosin

A

Essential for growth and development of thymic lymphocytes or T cells.
Critical part of immune system.

75
Q

Thymus Gland

A

Present at birth and grows to largest size during puberty.

At puberty begins to shrink and eventually is replaced with connective and adipose tissue.

76
Q

Thyroid hormones

A

Hormones regulate energy production & adjust metabolic rate.
Thyroxine (T4)
Triiodothyronine (T3)

77
Q

Thyroid Gland

A

Resembles butterfly shape on either side of trachea.
Divided into right & left lobes.
Secretes thyroid hormones & calcitonin.
Needs iodine to make hormones.

78
Q

Adrenal Glands

A

2: one above each kidney
Each broken into 2 sections:
Adrenal cortex & adrenal medulla

79
Q

Circadian Rhythm?

A

24-hour clock that governs periods of wakefulness and sleepiness.

80
Q

Pituitary Gland

A

Small marble shaped gland underneath the brain.
Divided into anterior & posterior lobes.
Regulated by hypothalamus.

81
Q

Calcitonin

A

Regulates level of calcium in bloodstream

82
Q

If calcium levels in blood rise too high:

A

Calcitonin levels in blood increase

Med Terms - PPT Notes (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions