Ch 11. Pain

Question 1

4 phases of Nociecption

Answer 1

Transduction
Transmission
Perception
Modulation

Question 2

Is pain a normal process of aging?

Answer 2

No!

Pain does not diminish with age, there also may be dif in pain perception with gender. (ex. women are more likely to experience a migrant aura, more IBS. Men more cluster headache, coronary heartache)

Question 3

Timing of Pain Assessment

Answer 3

Assessment of pain must be timely
Must identify variables
Recognition and assessment is an ongoing process
“5th vital sign”
Reassessed at suitable intervals

Question 4

OPQRSTUV

Answer 4

Initial Pain Assessment:

Onset – when did it being, how long does it last, how often does it occurr
Provoking/palliative – is there something you do that brings on the pain? Is there something that makes it fell better
Quality – burning, heading feeling, squeezing
Region/radiating – where is the pain?
Severity – rate 1-10 how bad it is
Time/treatment – what are you currently using for it? When is the last time you took something? Any other side effects?
Understanding – what does the patient think is going on?
Values – What is your goal for the symptoms? How do you want to see the pain?

Question 5

Acute pain behaviours

Answer 5

• At high risk of undertreatment if unable to report pain
• If nonverbal but cognitively intact, intensity may be indicated by numerical rating scale, written description, or pointing to location

Note: Acute Pain Has a known treatable cause that lasts less than 6 months.

Question 6

Persistent (chronic) pain behaviours

Answer 6

Note: Chronic Pain From an underlying issue and lasts longer than 6 months.

Adapt over time
May give little indication of pain
Higher risk for under detection
Ask patient how he or she behaves when in pain