(Ch. 11) Gases Flashcards
What is Atmospheric Pressure?
The force exerted by the atmosphere on a given surface.
What is the relationship between Atmosphere and Hg? Torr and Hg?
1 atmosphere= 760mm Hg
&
1 torr = 1 mm Hg
What are the three properties of gas that he reviewed?
- Gas has no fixed volume
- Gas can be compressed
- Gas has low density
What causes “Pressure?”
Pressure is caused by the constant collisions of atoms and molecules in a gas with each other and the surfaces around them.
(ex. Gas molecules stuck in a tire)
Gases have high _____ energy.
Kinetic
What is Boyle’s Law?
My Def: Boyle’s Law describes an inverse and proportional relationship between volume and pressure regarding gas.
Prof Def: The volume of a gas at a constant temperature and moles (amount) of gas is inversely proportional to the pressure.
What is the equation that describes the relationship evident in Boyle’s Law?
[V~1/p]- This describes that as volume increases, pressure decreases, and so on.
[P1V1=P2V2]- If we are missing one value, we can use the proportional relationship to find it, given the other values.
Describe Charles’ Law.
My Def: As temperature increases, the volume of a gas increases proportionally. But only when the pressure and amount of gas do not change.
Prof Def: The volume of a gas, at constant (P) and (n), is directly proportional to its absolute temp.
What does “absolute temperature” mean?
Units of Kelvin
What is the equation used to convert Celsius to Kelvin?
C+273.15=K
What is the equation that best describes Charle’s Law?
V1/T1=V2/T2
Describe Avogadro’s Law.
My Def: More volume= more moles of said gas IF temp and pressure are constant.
Prof Def: The volume of a gas at constant temperature and pressure is directly proportional to the number of moles of gas.
What equation best describes Avogadro’s Law?
V1/n1=V2/n2
How do we write the number of particles/ moles?
(n)
What is the Combined Gas Law?
This equation describes how volume, pressure, and temperature all react together.
Either:
1. V decreases, T/P increase
2. T/P increase, V decreases
What equation describes the Combined Gas Law?
(P1)(V1)/T1= (P2)(V2)/T2
What is an Ideal Gas?
An ideal gas refers to a hypothetical gas whose pressure, volume, and temperature relationships are completely described by the ideal gas equation/law.
What is the Ideal Gas Equation?
What does each letter represent?
- PV=nRT
- Pressure, Volume, Moles, Gas Constant, Temp.
If R is a gas constant, what is its numerical value?
R= 0.082 Liters of Atmosphere/mol(K)
For the ideal gas law, what must the X be in units of?
1. Pressure
2. Volume
3. n
4. Temperature
- Atmosphere
- Liters
- Moles
- Kelvin
What is Dalton’s Law?
The sum of the partial pressures of each component in a gas mixture must equate to the total pressure.
How many mm are in an inch?
25.4mm = 1 inch
How many g are in a L?
1000g = 1 Liter
How do you find molar mass?
Mass (g)/ Number of moles (mol)
(You could also find the molar mass of a compound by adding the known atomic masses of each element)
