Ch 11 Facial Bones & Sinus Flashcards
How many facial bones are there
14
What is the smallest bone in the body
Lacrimal bone
Which bone articulated with all the other facial bones
Maxilla
Which bones only have one bone of that kind in the face
Mandible and Vomer
Frontal sinus is where
Forehead
Ethmoid sinus is where
Behind/between Eyes
Is Ethmoid air cells
Sphenoid sinus is where
Behind ethmoid sinus
Maxillary sinus is where
In the maxilla region
Why are patients positioned upright on most sinus images
To view the fluid/air levels
What do you look for in the zygomatic arches on a radiograph
What looks like Cup handles
Lateral facial bones projection
SID 40”
Position patient with side of interest against the IR, MSP parallel to IR.
CR enters halfway between outer canthus & EAM.
Suspend breathing
PA Waters for Facial Bones, nasal bones & sinus projections
SID 40”
Position patient with their chin on the IR so that OML forms 37° angle with IR (MML perpendicular to IR)
CR exits the acanthion
Suspend breathing
PA axial Caldwell facial bones, nasal bones & sinus projections
SID 40”
Position patient with forehead & chin against the IR (OML perpendicular to IR) - for Sinus only the nose touches unless IR is tilted to touch forehead as well
CR exits Nasion at angle of 15° caudad
Suspend breathing
PA axial Caldwell for Orbits projection
SID 40”
Position patient with forehead & nose against the IR (OML perpendicular to IR)
CR exits Nasion at angle of 30° caudad
Suspend breathing
Modified Waters projection for facial bones
SID 40”
Position patient in prone position with their chin on the IR so that OML forms 55° angle with IR (less extension of the neck than normal Waters)
CR exits the acanthion
Suspend breathing
Where are the petrous ridges in a Modified Waters?
Below the orbits, inside the maxillary sinus on a radiograph
Lateral nasal bone projection
CR 40”
Position patient with MSP parallel to IR
CR: perpendicular to bridge of the nose at 1 inch distal the Nasion
Suspend breathing
Lateral sinus projection
SID 40”
Position the patient with MSP parallel to IR
CR: Horizontal, entering 1/2-1 inch behind outer canthus
Suspend breathing
Open mouth waters for sinus projection
SID 40”
Position patient with their chin on the IR so that OML forms 37° angle with IR & have them open their mouth without moving their head
CR exits the acanthion
Suspend breathing
SMV for sinus projection
SID 40”
Position patient in a chair with the apex of the head against the IR, IOML should be parallel to IR
CR: MSP 3/4 inch in front of the EAM
Suspend breathing
How is the X-ray tube positioned for all sinus projections
Horizontal beam
Lateral orbits projection
SID 40”
Position patient where MSP is parallel to IR
CR to outer canthus
Suspend breathing
Modified Waters for orbits projection
SID 40”
Position patient in prone position with their chin on the IR so that OML forms 50° angle with IR (less extension of the neck than normal Waters)
CR to mid orbits & have them close their eyes
Suspend breathing
AP Axial projection of TMJ (Modified Townes)
SID 40”
Position patient with back of the head to IR & OML is perpendicular to IR
CR 3 inches above Nasion at 35° angle - one with mouth closed & one with mouth open
Suspend breathing
Axiolateral (Modified Schuller) projection for TMJ
SID 40”
Position the patient seated with MSP parallel to IR, 1/2 inch in front of EAM & 1 inch below EAM to center of IR (at gonion)
CR to midpoint of IR at 25-30° angle caudad.
Suspend breathing
Axiolateral oblique projection (Modified Law) for TMJ
SID 40”
Position the patient seated 1/2 inch in front of EAM & rotate head 15° toward IR with a head flexion so the acanthiomeatal line parallel with IR.
CR: exiting TMJ closest to IR at 15° caudal angle
Suspend breathing
PA mandible projection
SID 40”
Position the patient with forehead & nose touching IR
CR: exits acanthion
Suspend breathing
PA Axial mandible projection
SID 40”
Position the patient with forehead & nose touching IR
CR: exits the acanthion with a 20-25° cephalic angle
Suspend breathing
Axiolateral body projection of the mandible
SID 40”
Position the patient in lateral position with head tilted up with a 30° rotation towards the IR
CR: toward mandibular region with 25° angle cephalad
Suspend breathing
Axiolateral ramus of mandible projection
SID 40”
Position the patient in lateral position with head tilted up
CR: toward mandibular region with 25° angle cephalad
Suspend breathing
SMV for mandible projection
SID 40”
Position the patient with heads vertex against IR
CR: perpendicular to IOML and centered midway between the angles of mandible
Suspend breathing
When the lateral projection of sinuses is used pre op, what SID is used
72” to minimize magnification and distortion
What does a lateral sinus show
Paranasal sinus
What does a PA axial Caldwell of sinus show
Frontal and anterior ethmoidal sinus
What is the Waters sinus projection show
Maxillary and sphenoidal sinus
What does SMV sinus show
Ethmoidal and sphenoidal sinus
