Ch 11 Facial Bones & Sinus

Question 1

How many facial bones are there

Answer 1

14

Question 2

What is the smallest bone in the body

Answer 2

Lacrimal bone

Question 3

Which bone articulated with all the other facial bones

Answer 3

Maxilla

Question 4

Which bones only have one bone of that kind in the face

Answer 4

Mandible and Vomer

Question 5

Frontal sinus is where

Answer 5

Forehead

Question 6

Ethmoid sinus is where

Answer 6

Behind/between Eyes

Is Ethmoid air cells

Question 7

Sphenoid sinus is where

Answer 7

Behind ethmoid sinus

Question 8

Maxillary sinus is where

Answer 8

In the maxilla region

Question 9

Why are patients positioned upright on most sinus images

Answer 9

To view the fluid/air levels

Question 10

What do you look for in the zygomatic arches on a radiograph

Answer 10

What looks like Cup handles

Question 11

Lateral facial bones projection

Answer 11

SID 40”
Position patient with side of interest against the IR, MSP parallel to IR.
CR enters halfway between outer canthus & EAM.
Suspend breathing

Question 12

PA Waters for Facial Bones, nasal bones & sinus projections

Answer 12

SID 40”
Position patient with their chin on the IR so that OML forms 37° angle with IR (MML perpendicular to IR)
CR exits the acanthion
Suspend breathing

Question 13

PA axial Caldwell facial bones, nasal bones & sinus projections

Answer 13

SID 40”
Position patient with forehead & chin against the IR (OML perpendicular to IR) - for Sinus only the nose touches unless IR is tilted to touch forehead as well
CR exits Nasion at angle of 15° caudad
Suspend breathing

Question 14

PA axial Caldwell for Orbits projection

Answer 14

SID 40”
Position patient with forehead & nose against the IR (OML perpendicular to IR)
CR exits Nasion at angle of 30° caudad
Suspend breathing

Question 15

Modified Waters projection for facial bones

Answer 15

SID 40”
Position patient in prone position with their chin on the IR so that OML forms 55° angle with IR (less extension of the neck than normal Waters)
CR exits the acanthion
Suspend breathing

Question 16

Where are the petrous ridges in a Modified Waters?

Answer 16

Below the orbits, inside the maxillary sinus on a radiograph

Question 17

Lateral nasal bone projection

Answer 17

CR 40”
Position patient with MSP parallel to IR
CR: perpendicular to bridge of the nose at 1 inch distal the Nasion
Suspend breathing

Question 18

Lateral sinus projection

Answer 18

SID 40”
Position the patient with MSP parallel to IR
CR: Horizontal, entering 1/2-1 inch behind outer canthus
Suspend breathing

Question 19

Open mouth waters for sinus projection

Answer 19

SID 40”
Position patient with their chin on the IR so that OML forms 37° angle with IR & have them open their mouth without moving their head
CR exits the acanthion
Suspend breathing

Question 20

SMV for sinus projection

Answer 20

SID 40”
Position patient in a chair with the apex of the head against the IR, IOML should be parallel to IR
CR: MSP 3/4 inch in front of the EAM
Suspend breathing

Question 21

How is the X-ray tube positioned for all sinus projections

Answer 21

Horizontal beam

Question 22

Lateral orbits projection

Answer 22

SID 40”
Position patient where MSP is parallel to IR
CR to outer canthus
Suspend breathing

Question 23

Modified Waters for orbits projection

Answer 23

SID 40”
Position patient in prone position with their chin on the IR so that OML forms 50° angle with IR (less extension of the neck than normal Waters)
CR to mid orbits & have them close their eyes
Suspend breathing

Question 24

AP Axial projection of TMJ (Modified Townes)

Answer 24

SID 40”
Position patient with back of the head to IR & OML is perpendicular to IR
CR 3 inches above Nasion at 35° angle - one with mouth closed & one with mouth open
Suspend breathing

Question 25

Axiolateral (Modified Schuller) projection for TMJ

Answer 25

SID 40”
Position the patient seated with MSP parallel to IR, 1/2 inch in front of EAM & 1 inch below EAM to center of IR (at gonion)
CR to midpoint of IR at 25-30° angle caudad.
Suspend breathing

Question 26

Axiolateral oblique projection (Modified Law) for TMJ

Answer 26

SID 40”
Position the patient seated 1/2 inch in front of EAM & rotate head 15° toward IR with a head flexion so the acanthiomeatal line parallel with IR.
CR: exiting TMJ closest to IR at 15° caudal angle
Suspend breathing

Question 27

PA mandible projection

Answer 27

SID 40”
Position the patient with forehead & nose touching IR
CR: exits acanthion
Suspend breathing

Question 28

PA Axial mandible projection

Answer 28

SID 40”
Position the patient with forehead & nose touching IR
CR: exits the acanthion with a 20-25° cephalic angle
Suspend breathing

Question 29

Axiolateral body projection of the mandible

Answer 29

SID 40”
Position the patient in lateral position with head tilted up with a 30° rotation towards the IR
CR: toward mandibular region with 25° angle cephalad
Suspend breathing

Question 30

Axiolateral ramus of mandible projection

Answer 30

SID 40”
Position the patient in lateral position with head tilted up
CR: toward mandibular region with 25° angle cephalad
Suspend breathing

Question 31

SMV for mandible projection

Answer 31

SID 40”
Position the patient with heads vertex against IR
CR: perpendicular to IOML and centered midway between the angles of mandible
Suspend breathing

Question 32

When the lateral projection of sinuses is used pre op, what SID is used

Answer 32

72” to minimize magnification and distortion

Question 33

What does a lateral sinus show

Answer 33

Paranasal sinus

Question 34

What does a PA axial Caldwell of sinus show

Answer 34

Frontal and anterior ethmoidal sinus

Question 35

What is the Waters sinus projection show

Answer 35

Maxillary and sphenoidal sinus

Question 36

What does SMV sinus show

Answer 36

Ethmoidal and sphenoidal sinus