Ch 11 Flashcards
final electron acceptor in aerobic respiration
oxygen
final electron acceptor in anaerobic respiration
an oxidized molecule like NO3-, SO4 2-, or FE 3+
oxidized pyruvate produces
GTP, NADH, and FADH2
amphibolic pathway
2 pyruvate molecules are turned back into glucose
1 Glucose -> 2 pyruvate -> ? CO2
6
Another name for the citric acid or Krebs cycle is
tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle)
TCA cycle must turn ? time(s) to completely oxidize one molecule of glucose
2
for each acetyl-CoA oxidized, TCA cycle generates
- 2 CO2
- 3 NADH
- 1 FADH2
- 1 GTP
Flexible ETC
electron carriers can be replaced or different oxidases may be used
Branched ETC
electrons may enter/exit the chain at several points
Shorter ETC
fewer protons transported across the membrane (and less energy)
Proton motive force drives
ATP synthesis
Exergonic flow of protons across membrane drives formation of ___ from ___
ATP from ADP
T/F: Anaerobic respiration generates more ATP than Aerobic
False
dissimilatory nitrate reduction
use of nitrate as a terminal electron acceptor
Pyruvate is a common e- acceptor in _______
fermentation
_____ fermenters: all pyruvate reduced to lactate via dehydrogenase
homolactic
_____ fermenters: formation of lactate and other molecules
heterolactic
T/F: inorganic molecules produce less energy that glucose
true (this is due to redox potentials)
The 3 major groups of chemolithotrophs oxidize ___, ____, and ____
H, N, and S
light energy is trapped and converted to chemical energy
light reaction
energy produced in the light reactions is used to reduce CO2 and synthesize cell constituents
dark reaction
Noncyclic photophosphorylation makes:
- ATP only
- ATP and NADPH
ATP and NADPH
Cyclic photophosphorylation makes:
- ATP only
- ATP and NADPH
ATP only
what kind of phototrophy is used in a nutrient-depleted environment
rhodopsin-based
