CH 11 & 12 Flashcards
the smallest particle an element can be broken down into and still maintain its identity.
Atom
What atom means in Greek
“Not able to be divided or indivisible”
negative charge, amu 1/1800 least mass almost 0
Electrons
positive charge, amu 1
Protons
neutral charge, amu 1
Neutrons
protons + neutrons
Mass number
number of protons in the nucleus
Atomic number
describes the mass of an atom in SI units
Atomic mass unit
mass of an atom in A.M.U. (Atomic Mass Units)
Atomic mass
All matter is made up of…?
Atoms
What is in the center of an atom?
The nucleus
always have the same number of protons, but different neutrons.
Isotopes
keeps the protons together in the nucleus.
Strong force
holds electrons in place around the nucleus.
Electromagnetic force
pulls objects toward one another.
Gravitational force
Many elements have how many isotopes?
2 or more
Most of the elements on the periodic table are…?
Metals
The horizontal rows on the periodic table are called…?
Periods
The vertical columns on the periodic table are called…?
Groups or families
The color of the chemical symbol tells…?
the physical state of an element at room temperature
As you move across each period the chemical and physical properties of elements change from…?
most metallic to least metallic
Mendeleev arranged his periodic table by…?
increasing atomic mass
Mendeleev found that the properties of known elements did what?
repeated a pattern every 7 elements
Each square on the periodic table includes
an element’s name, chemical symbol, atomic number and atomic mass.
Elements found to the far left of the periodic table are…?
the most metallic
Elements found to the far right of the periodic table are…?
the least metallic
Elements found to the far right of the periodic table are grouped as…?
nonmetals
The number beneath an element indicates…?
the atomic mass
The number at the top of an element is…?
the atomic number
Transition metals are good conductors of…?
thermal energy
Noble gases are made up of…?
six nonmetals
Metalloid are also called…?
semiconductors
Actinides are all…?
Radioactive
Most transition metals are…?
Shiny
The most common element in the Boron Group is…?
aluminum
an element named after a scientist
Mendelevium
an element named after a state
Californium
an element that makes about 80% of the air around us
Nitrogen
an element that is a colorless gas
Hydrogen
an element found in teeth and bones
Calcium
an element that makes up the compounds of proteins, fats and carbohydrates.
Carbon
the elements used to make the compound Ammonia
Nitrogen and Hydrogen
elements used to make computer chips
Germanium and Silicon
an element needed for substances to burn
Oxygen
