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PSY2012 > Ch 10 Vocab > Flashcards

Ch 10 Vocab Flashcards

0
Q

Theoretical views emphasizing that personality is primarily unconscious (beyond awareness)

A

Psychodynamic perspectives

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1
Q

A pattern of enduring ,distinctive thoughts,emotions and behaviors that characterize the the way an individual adapts to the world

A

Personality

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2
Q

Freud’s theories have strongly influenced how people in western cultures view themselves and the world

A

Sigmund Freud (1856-1939)

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3
Q

The Freudian structure personality that deals with the demands of reality

A

Ego

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4
Q

The Freudian structure of personality that serves as the harsh internal judge of our behavior, what we often called conscience

A

Super ego

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5
Q

The part of the person that Freud called the “it,” consisting of unconscious drives, the individual’s reservoir of sexual energy

A

Id

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6
Q

Tactics the ego uses to reduce anxiety by unconsciously distorting reality

A

Defense mechanisms

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7
Q

The youngest of Sigmund Freud six children and not only did influential work on defense mechanisms but also pioneered in the theory and practice of child psychoanalysis

A

Anna Freud (1895-1982)

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8
Q

The master defense mechanism, the ego pushes unacceptable impulses out of awareness, back into the unconscious mind

A

Repression

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9
Q

The ego replaces a less acceptable motive with a more acceptable one

A

Rationalization

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10
Q

The ego shifts feelings towards an unexpectable object to another, more acceptable object

A

Displacement

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11
Q

The ego replaces an unacceptable impulse with a socially acceptable one

A

Sublimation

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12
Q

The ego attributes personal shortcomings, problems, and faults to others

A

Projection

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13
Q

The ego transforms and unacceptable motive into opposite

A

Reaction formation

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14
Q

The ego refuses to acknowledge anxiety producing reality

A

Denial

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15
Q

The ego seeks the security of an earlier developmental period In the face of stress

A

Regression

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16
Q

According to Freud, a boy’s intense desire to replace his father and enjoy the affections of his mother

A

Oedipus complex

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17
Q

Infants pleasure centers on the mouth

A

Oral stage

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18
Q

Toilet training stage

A

Anal

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19
Q

Latin word phallus genital pleasure stage

A

Phallic

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20
Q

Not a developmental stage a time out

A

Latency period

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21
Q

Sexual re-awakening

A

Genital stage

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22
Q

Developed the first feminist criticism of Freud’s theory. Her view emphasizes women’s positive qualities and self evaluation

A

Karen Horney

23
Q

Swiss psychoanalytic theories developed the concept of the collective unconscious archetypes

A

Carl Jung (1875-1961)

24
Q

Jung’s name for the impersonal, you deepest layer of the unconscious mind, shared by all human beings because of their common ancestral path

A

Collective unconscious

25
Q

Emotionally laden ideas and images that have rich and symbolic meaning for all people

A

Archetypes

26
Q

Adler’s view that people are motivated by purposes and goals and that perfection, not pleasure, is thus the key motivator in human life

A

Individual psychology

27
Q

Theoretical views stressing a person’s capacity for personal growth and positive human qualitiesp

A

Humanistic perspectives

28
Q

A pioneer in the development of the humanistic perspective

A

Carl Rogers (1902-1987)

29
Q

Rogers’s construct referring to the individuals need to be accepted, valued, and treated positively regardless of his or her behavior

A

Unconditional positive regard

30
Q

The standards that the individual must live up to in order to receive positive regard from others

A

Conditions of worth

31
Q

Theoretical views stressing that personality consists of broad, enduring dispositions (traits) that tend to characteristic responses

A

Trait theories

32
Q

The five super traits that Are thought to describe the main dimensions of personality: neuroticism (emotional instability), extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness, and conscientiousness

A 
Big five factors of personality
Openness 
Conscientiousness 
Extraversion
Agreeableness
Neuroticism
33
Q

A person’s assessment of his or her own level of positive affect relative to negative affect and an evaluation of his her life in general

A

Subjective well-being

34
Q

Theoretical views stressing that the way to understand the person is to focus on his or her life history and life story

A

Personolgical and life story perspectives

35
Q

Theoretical views emphasizing conscious awareness, believes, expectations, and goals

A

Social cognitive perspectives

36
Q

HIs practical, problem-solving social cognitive approach has made a lasting mark on personality theory and therapy

A

Albert Bandura (1925)

37
Q

The belief that one can master situation and produce positive change

A

Self efficacy

38
Q

Mischel’s theoretical model for describing that I thought the motions about ourselves and the world affect our behavior and become linked in way that matter to behavior

A

Cognitive affective processing system (CAPS)

39
Q

Eyesenck viewed introversion and extraversion as characteristic behavioral patterns that aim to regulate arousal around the individuals baseline level

A

Eyesenck’s reticular activation system theory.

40
Q

Gray theorized that two neurological system, the BAS and the BIS explain differences in an organisms attention to environmental rewards and punishment punishment and in this way shape personality

A

Gray’s reinforcement sensitivity theory.

41
Q

The study of the inherited underpinnings of behavioral characteristics

A

Behavioral genetics

42
Q

Also called an objective test or an inventory, a method of measuring personality characteristics that directly ask people rather specific items describe their personality traits

A

Self report test

43
Q

A type of self-report test that presents many questionnaire items are two groups that are known to be different in some central way

A

Empirically keyed test

44
Q

The most widely used and researched empirically keyed self report personality test

A

Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory (MMPI)

45
Q

The quality of seeming, on the surface, to fit a particular trait in question

A

Face validity

46
Q

A personality assessment test that presents individuals with an ambiguous stimulus and ask them to describe it or tell a story about it to project their own meaning onto the stimulus

A

Projective test

47
Q

A famous projective test that uses an individual’s perception of inkblots to determine his or her personality

A

Rorschshach ink lot test

48
Q

Personality is characterized by unconscious processes. Childhood experiences are of great importance to adult personality

A

Psychodynamic

49
Q

A projective test that is designed to elicit stories that reveal something about an individuals personality

A

Thematic apperception test (TAT)

50
Q

Personality Evolves out of the person innate,organismic motives to grow and actualized yourself. These healthy tendencies can be undermined by social pressure

A

Humanistic

51
Q

Personality is the patterns of coherence that characterizes a person’s interactions with the situation he or she encounters in life. The individual’s beliefs and expectations, rather than global traits are the central variable of interest

A

Social cognitive

52
Q

Personality is characterized by five general traits that are represented in the natural language that people use to describe themselves and others

A

Trait

53
Q

To understand personality we must understand the whole person. We all have unique life experiences, and the stories we tell about those experiences make up our identities

A

Personology and life story

54
Q

Personality characteristics reflect underlying biological processes such as those carried out by the brain, neurotransmitters, and genes. Differences in behaviors, thoughts, and feelings depend on these processes

A

Biological

PSY2012 (4 decks)

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