CH 10 Urinary System, Metabolism and Body Fluids Balance

Question 0

One of two components of metabolism. Building or “Constructive Phase” in which smaller molecules are converted to larger molecules

Answer 0

Anabolism

Question 1

A complete obstruction of urinary flow sometimes caused by enlargement of the prostate gland

Answer 1

Acute Urinary Retention

Question 2

A hormone released by the pituitary gland that causes the kidneys to reabsorb more water into the blood and excrete less urine.
When body fluid levels become decreased, the sensation of thirst stimulates an individual to take more fluids in.Increased body fluid levels, on the other hand, suppress thirst and increase excretion of fluid by the kidneys as urine.
Another way is moving water throughout the body
Lack of (ADH) results in very dilute urine.

Answer 2

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Question 3

The baseline metabolic rate of the body, or energy required to maintain the body’s normal functions while at rest

Answer 3

Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)

Question 4

A thin, double-walled chamber that surrounds the glomerulus

Answer 4

Bowman’s Capsule

Question 5

Large urinary tubes that enter the renal pelvis from kidney tissue

Answer 5

Calyces

Question 6

The “Destructive Component” of metabolism associated with the breakdown of large molecules into smaller molecules

Answer 6

Catabolism

Question 7

A biochemical process resulting in the production of energy in the form of ATP. Takes place in the Mitochondria

Answer 7

Cellular Respiration

Question 8

A bacterial infection of the bladder and it’s urinary contents

Answer 8

Cystitis

Question 9

A condition often caused by pituitary dysfunction that is associated with production of large volumes of diluted urine and which patients experience intense thirst

Answer 9

Diabetes Insipidus

Question 10

A procedure in which an artificial kidney external to the body is used to purify the blood

Answer 10

Dialysis

Question 11

The process of maintaining homeostasis through equal intake and out put of fluids.

Answer 11

Fluid Balance

Question 12

The rate at which blood is filtered through the glomerula

Answer 12

Glomerular Filtration Rate

Question 13

A semipermeable capillary filter located within Bowman’s capsule in the nephron

Answer 13

Glomerulus

Question 14

Storage from for glucose in the liver

Answer 14

Glycogen

Question 15

The part of the brain respnsible for maintenance of homeostasis including control of body temperature, fluid and electrolyte balance and blood pressure. It produces antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Answer 15

Hypothalamus

Question 16

A spinal reflex that cause contraction of smooth muscle of the bladder, allowing for urination

Answer 16

Micturition Reflex

Question 17

The function unit of the kidney. Urine is formed here

Answer 17

Nephron

Question 18

A potentially severe bacterial infection of the renal pelvis, medulla, and cortex

Answer 18

pyelonephritis

Question 19

A protective layer of fibrous connective tissue surrounding each kidney

Answer 19

Renal Capsule

Question 20

A hormone produced by cells in the juxtaglomerular apparatus when the blood pressure is low

Answer 20

renin

Question 21

A pair of thick-walled, hollow tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder

Answer 21

Ureters

Question 22

A hollow, tubular structure that drains urine from the bladder, passing it outside of the body

Answer 22

Urethra

Question 23

The body’s sources of “fuel” or energy

Answer 23

Glucose is the major fuel source but fats, and proteins also help give energy to the body

Question 24

The final products of carbohydrate digestion in the gut are

Answer 24

Glucose, Fructose, and Galactose

Question 25

Heat loss from the body takes in 4 ways

Answer 25

Radiation- heat is transmitted through space, heater or fireplace
Conduction- transmission of heat from warmer to cooler object by direct contact
Evaporation- heat at the surface is lost because of vaporization of liquid
Convection- Transfer of heat by circulation of heat particles

Question 26

One of two types of body fluids. Fluid outside of cells

Answer 26

Extracellular Fluid

Question 27

One of two types of body fluids. Fluid inside cells

Answer 27

Intravascular Fluid ( Plasma)

Question 28

Protective layer of fibrous connective tissue, surrounding each kidney

Answer 28

Renal Capsule

Question 29

Filtration of blood to remove waste products, excreting them as urine, the maintenance of fluid and electrolyte balance. Structures within this system are; nureters, kidneys, urinary bladder and urethra

Answer 29

Urinary System

Question 30

solid, bean-shaped organs located in the retroperitoneal space behind the abdominal and pelvic cavities. Filter blood, removes wastes and excrete waste as urine

Answer 30

Kidneys

Question 31

Major Mechanisms for fluid homeostasis

Answer 31

Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
Thirst
Kidneys
Water Shifts

Question 32

Increased blood pressure

Answer 32

Capillary blood pressure affects a change in volume by increasing filtration and urine output

Question 33

Decreased Blood pressure

Answer 33

increased water retention

Question 34

Female urethra

Answer 34

4 inches long, easily infected ( UTI). Fused with the anterior wall