ch. 10 terms

Question 1

Muscles can only _____; never ____

Answer 1

pull, push

Question 2

_______ mover (agonist) is the muscle that has major responsibility for
producing a specific movement

Answer 2

prime

Question 3

____________ opposes or reverses particular movement when prime mover is active

Answer 3

Antagonist

Question 4

Prime mover and Antagonist are located on the ________ sides of the joint across which they act

Answer 4

opposite

Question 5

______ helps prime mover by adding extra force to same movement and
reducing undesirable or unnecessary movement
 Synergist called _________ when the synergist _________ the bone or
muscle’s origin

Answer 5

synergist, fixator, immobilizes

Question 6

1. Prime mover of _____ movement
2. Antagonist for ______ movement
3. Synergist for ______- movement

Answer 6

one, diff, third

Question 7

How are Skeletal Muscles named?
1. Muscle ______
2. Muscle _____
3. Muscle ______
4. ______ of Muscle Fascicles
5. _____ of Origins
6. _______ of Attachments
7. Muscle ______

Answer 7

location, shape, size, direction, number, location, action

Question 8

1. Maximus (________)
2. Medius (_______)
3. Minimus (________)
4. Longus (_____)
5. Brevis (______)

Answer 8

largest, middle, smallest, long, short

Question 9

1. _____ = fibers run straight
2. _____ = fibers run at right angles
3. _____ = fibers run at angles to imaginary defined axis

Answer 9

rectus, transversus, oblique

Question 10

1. Biceps = _ origins
2. Triceps = _ origins
3. Quadriceps = _ origins

Answer 10

2, 3, 4

Question 11

In Circular, fascicles arranged in concentric rings, generally surround
openings called _________

Answer 11

sphincters

Question 12

In ________, fascicle arrangement has a broad origin

Answer 12

convergent

Question 13

In _________, there are spindle-shaped muscles with parallel fibers and are thick in middle and tapered on each end

Answer 13

fusiform

Question 14

In __________, short fascicles attach obliquely to a central tendon running
length of muscle

Answer 14

pennate

Question 15

unipennate is ___, bipennate is __, multipennate is ____

Answer 15

1, 2, many

Question 16

Muscle’s Fascicle arrangements determines a muscle’s _______ ___ ______ and the muscle’s power

Answer 16

range of motion

Question 17

Muscle ______ depends on the total number of muscle _____ in a
muscle

Answer 17

power, fibers

Question 18

___________ includes contraction of Diaphragm and contraction of
External intercostals m. whereas __________ includes ___________ of inspiratory muscles and contraction of internal intercostals m.

Answer 18

inspiration, expiration, relaxation

Question 19

when a prime mover is active, antagonist muscles may remain r________ or may s________

Answer 19

relaxed, stretch

Question 20

S_________ are muscles that aid the action of a prime mover by affecting the same movement or by stabilizing joints by which the prime mover acts, preventing undesirable movement, and they are the hormone that amplifies the effect of another hormone at a target cell

Answer 20

synergists

Question 21

The end of bones are called the _________, and they are typically composed of ________ bone tissue covered by a layer of ________ (hyaline) cartilage, which allows for smooth joint movement; the area where the ________ meets the bone shaft (________) is called the metaphyses which contains the __________ plate and line

Answer 21

epiphysis, spongy, articular, epiphysis, diaphysis, epiphyseal

Question 22

external or internal
compact bone:
spongy bone:

Answer 22

external, internal

Question 23

the t______ shaft forms the long axis of a bone

Answer 23

tubular

Question 24

long bones in body:

Answer 24

patella (knee), wrist, ankle, femur, tibia, ulna, radius, clavicle

Question 25

location of flat bones:

Answer 25

sternum, shoulder blades, ribs, cranial and skull bones

Question 26

location of irregular bones:

Answer 26

vertebrae, sacrum, mandible, ossicles, pubis, ilium, ischium

Question 27

location of short bones:

Answer 27

carpal, tarsal, patella

Question 28

order of microanatomy of muscle from small to large

Answer 28

myofilament, myofibrils, muscle fibers, fascicles, muscles

Question 29

describe the microanatomy of a muscle from outside in (small 2 large)

Answer 29

starts out as a myofilament (which contain actin and myosin) and makes up myofibrils that are surrounded by sarcolemma, which make up muscle fibers (cells), which make up fascicles, which form muscles

Question 30

endomysium is located

Answer 30

around individual muscle fibers

Question 31

perimysium is (location)

Answer 31

surrounds fascicles

Question 32

epimysium surrounds the

Answer 32

muscle

Question 33

foramen means

Answer 33

hole