Ch 10 (Human Development) Flashcards

1
Q

Human development is :

A

lifelong, multi directional, multidimensional, multidisciplinary, plastic & contextual

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2
Q

Erikson’s Prosocial Development Stages

A
  1. Infancy: Trust vs Mistrust
  2. Toddler: Autonomy vs Guilt/Shame
  3. Pre-School: Social Connection vs. Isolation
  4. School Age: Industry vs Inferiority
  5. Adolescence: Identity vs Role Confusion
  6. Young Adulthood: Intimacy vs Isolation
  7. Middle Adulthood: Generativity vs Stagnation
  8. Older Adult: Integrity vs Despair
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3
Q

Piaget’s Cognitive-Developmental Theory

A
  1. Infancy: Sensorimotor (trial & error, minimal mental representation)
  2. Early Childhood: Preoperational (make believe)
  3. Early Adolescence: Concrete Operational (logical)
  4. Adolescence/Adulthood: Formal Operational (abstract)
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4
Q

Infancy & Toddlerhood

A
  • Physical: gross and fine motor, locomotion
  • Emotional: differentiation, start to verbalize feelings, tantrums if autonomy is thwarted
  • Cognitive: beginning language development
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5
Q

Early Childhood

A
  • Social: more co-operative, more structured/realistic play, same-gender play
  • Emotional: talk about feelings & incorporate into play (but prefer action over verbal expression), literal & overt
  • Cognitive: mental representation, more flexible, egocentric, recall past/envision future, RAPID language development, assimilation to accomodation
  • Interventions: identify feelings, facilitate sharing
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6
Q

Middle Childhood

A
  • Social: prosocial behavior, enhanced perspective taking, other-acceptance is important
  • Emotional: understand conflicting emotions, happiness related to peer acceptance & goal achievement
  • Cognitive: logical operations, flexible & rational thinking, better problem solving
  • Interventions: identify feeling intensity, examples of good and bad friend behavior
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7
Q

Early Adolescence

A

-Social: peers are dominant, intimate friendships
-Emotional: high emotionality, rapid mood fluctuations, self-conscious & critical
Cognitive: abstract & hypothetical, problem solving
-Interventions: mood management, perceptions

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8
Q

Midadolescence

A
  • Social: less dependent on peers, less conformity
  • Emotional: more stable and complex
  • Cognitive: advanced reasoning, flexible and problem solving, inconsistent in thinking & behaving
  • Interventions: stopping assumptions, future decision-making
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9
Q

Late Adolescence/Emerging Adulthood

A

-Social: high autonomy, still need belonging and close personal relationships
-Cognitive: interpretation & understanding subtleties, dialectical thinking (not always clear), achieving
Self-Development: question childhood values/beliefs, clarify orientation and identity
-Interventions: pros/cons list, belief/values clarification

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10
Q

Early Adulthood

A
  • Social: role (worker, partner, parent)

- Interventions: navigating changes, determing values & goals

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11
Q

Middle Adulthood

A
  • Social: Life structure reassessment (roles, goals)
  • Physical changes: hormonal & superficial
  • Cognitive: verbal ability peaks
  • Interventions: evaluate what’s going well vs desired changes
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12
Q

Late Adulthood

A
  • Personal: search for meaning, accept life, achieve satisfaction
  • Physical changes: less sensory & physical abilities
  • Cognitive: less processing speed, less memory
  • Interventions: goal ranking, coping with loss
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