Ch 10-11 Tets Flashcards
when were the 2 waves of european colonial conquests and what were the major diffs?
1st wave- 1500s-1700s. New World. direct control
2nd wave- 1800s. Old World (africa/asia). Indirect control, education went up bc needed educated people to lead
what were the ideas that europeans believed that they were justified in their colonization efforts? How did they try to prove them?
IDEA: believe theyre racially superior + have to take care of the others
- introduced racial science to try to prove other races are lesser (shape of skull) + pseudosciences
what event was the first major resistance to colonial rule? what were the factors that lead to resistance?
- Indian Resistance against british. British introduced new type of cartilage that needed animal fat. Majority relig. in India = Islam/Hindu, where pig/cow= holy animals. Local leader also overtaxes peasants, unemployment/povety went up
when was the Indian Rebellion?
1857-1858
what was the purpose of education in european colonization? what were some of the effects of education in those colonies?
Purpose: Indoctrination towards the european way of life in africa, asia, australia.
- Led to spread ot christianity & a loss of cultural identity
what event was help prior to european colonization and why was it significant in 1884? What actions did africans, indians, and asians have when they faced the european invaders?
1884- Berlin Conference (Europe decides to cut up Africa)
- Faced either assimilation, cooperation, or rebellion- most cooperated because they thought Europe was more advanced
what made the taiping uprising unique in their rebeliion against the qing dynasty (Manchu)? What actions would europeans and others take during this time?
- Based on relig. grounds + introduced early communism. Got rid of foot binging, brought in gender equality, Christian Jesus, + abolish private property.
why did the british support the manchu in the taiping uprising?
they wanted to increase their influence on china through abusing the weak Manchu gov.
what factors contributed to the rapid rise of industrialization in Japan and what were some effects?
- Japan had urbanization before industralization (usually other way around)
- Meiji Restoration (when Japan experienced industrilization due to urbanization)
what factors contributed to the weakening of the qing dynasty?
- Massive pop. increase means they couldnt govern it/ provide food, collect taxes, or maintain flood control (led to food shortages + an increase in homeless pop./crime rates)
- overall couldnt protect people
what factors contributed to the weakening of the ottoman empire?
- Industralization in Europe (it became more powerful), Napolean Wars (Napoleon took over Ottoman territories in North Africa), Nationalism (places like Serbia) led them to breaking away from the emp.
- LOSS OF TERRITORY DUE TO NATIONALISM.
what was the og use of opium + why would it dramatically increase in use from 1773-1832? Who was responsible for increased use and what effects took place/ what was done to stop it?
OG USE- cure for illness
- Britain responsible for increase in use. Smuggled it in because China wouldnt trade. Zou Shu led a campaign + seized property of people that had opium (led to Opium Wars around 1852)
- Solved w/ an unqueal treaty favoring Britain
what reforms were attempted in the ottoman empire and what was this movement called?
tazimat- trying to industralize/recentralize to provide economic, social, and legal services to citizens. Wanted to bring in western ideas, but people fearful of moving away from islamic centered ideas
what were the major diffs in the goals of Young Ottomans/Turks and what successes did they achieve?
YO- constitutional monarchy, they get a sultan into office, wanted western/european styled systems/ideas + to modernize islam.
YT- nationalism at center of policies, secular systems (non relig), freedom for women, excluded non turks
what major nationalist events would contribute to the fall of the ottoman empire? why?
young turks, greek, romaniams wanted their own national identities. after WW1 Ottoman emp. dissolved into many smalelr nations
