Ch. 1 The TCP/IP and OSI Networking Models Flashcards
IP
Internet protocol
TCP
Transmission Control Protocol
OSI
Open systems interconnections
RFC
Request for comments
What are the 5 layers of TCP/IP
Application Transport Network Data link Physical
Http
Hypertext transfer protocol
URL
Uniform resource locator
UDP
User datagram protocol
Seq
Sequence number
DDN
Dotted Decimal Notation
WAN
Wide area network
LH and LT
Link header and link trailer
PDU
Protocol Data unit
What are the 7 layers of OSI
7 Application 6 Presentation 5 Session 4 Transport 5 Network 6 Data Link 7 Physical
Provides an interface between software on a computer and the network itself. Does not define the application but the service the application needs.
TCP/IP application
Provides services to the application layer protocols that reside one layer higher in the TCP/IP model
TCP/IP Transport Layer
When a computer uses a protocol to communicate with the same layer on another computer it is called:
Same-layer interaction
When a layer on a single computer provides a service to a higher layer it is called:
Adjacent layer interaction
This layer is defined by the IP, each host computer has a different IP address
TCP/IP Network layer
What are the five layers of the TCP/IP?
Application Transport Network Data link Physical
Provides an interface between the communications software and any applications that need to communicate outside the computer on which the application resides, and performs user authentication
OSI application layer
Defines and negotiates data formats such as ASCII text, binary, JPEG, etc. also defines encryption
OSI protocol layer
Defines how to start, control, and end conversations (called sessions). Bidirectional confirmation of sent/received messages
OSI session layer
Data delivery to another computer. IE error recovery and flow control
OSI transport layer
Defines three main features: logical addressing, routing (forwarding), and path determination
OSI network layer
Defines the rules that determine when a device can send data over a particular medium. Formats the header and trailer
OSI data link
Physical characteristics of the transmission. (Connectors, pins, etc) and rules for how to activate/deactivate physical mediums
OSI physical layer
7 application
6 presentation
5 session
Name Sample OSI devices and protocols
Devices: Telnet, http, FTP, SMTP, pop3, VoIP, snmp
Protocols: hosts, firewalls
4 Transport
Name OSI devices and protocol
Devices: hosts, firewalls
Protocols: TCP, UDP
3 network
Name OSI devices and protocols
Devices: router
Protocols: IP
2 data link
Name OSI devices and protocols
Devices: Ethernet (IEEE 802.3)
Protocols: LAN switc, WAP, cable modem, DSL modem
1 physical
Name OSI devices and protocols
Devices: LAN hub, LAN repeater, cables
Protocols: RJ 45, Ethernet (IEEE 802.3)
The process of HTTP asking TCP to send some data and making sure that it is received is an example of?
Adjacent layer interaction
The process of one computer marking a TCP segment as segment 1 and the receiving computer acknowledging the receipt of TCP segment 1 is an example of?
Same layer interaction
The process of a web server adding a TCP header and then adding a data link is an example of what?
Data encapsulation
What is the term used to specifically identify the entity created when encapsulating data inside data link layer headers and trailers?
Frame
Which OSI layer defies the functions of logical network wide addressing and routing
Layer 3, the network layer
Which OSI layer denies the standards for cabling and connectors?
Layer 1, the physical layer
Which of the following terms are not valid terms for the names of the seven OSI layers? Application Data link Transmission Presentation Internet Session
Transmission and internet
What are the four step for delivering IP packets from host to host
Encapsulation
Transmit
Deencapsulation
Receive
What are the five steps of data encapsulation in TCP/IP?
1 create/encapsulate application data
2 encapsulate the data supplied by the application layer inside a transport layer
3 encapsulate the data supplied by the transport layer header
4 encapsulate the data supplied by the network layer inside a data link header and trailer
5 transmit the bits
The header and trailer of the transport layering TCP|data
Segment
The header and trailer for the network layer IP|data
Packet
The header and trailer for the link layer LH|data|LT
Frame
Compare the OSI and TCP/IP old and new models
7 application 6 presentation 5 session 4 transport 3 network 2 data link 1 physical
7 application. | 6 presentation | Application 5 session | 4 transport Transport 3 network Network (internet old) 2 data link Data link 1 physical Physical 1 & 2 link(old)
What are the benefits of OSI layering?
Less complex, standard interfaces, easier to learn, multivendor interoperability, modular engineering
Name and define The OSI encapsulation term
PDU - protocol data unit, represents the bits that include headers and trailers for that layer as well as the encapsulated data
What is a protocol
A set of logical rules that devices must follow in order to communicate
What is data encapsulation
The process of putting together headers (and sometimes trailers) around some data
What is the networking model?
What do we use today
A comprehensive set of documents, TCP/IP
To recover from errors TCP uses the concept of:
Acknowledgements
IP’s most important features are:
Addressing and routing
