Ch 1 Test Flashcards
Members of a __________ should be a ble to reproduce together
Species
“All living things and all the places they are found on Earth make up the”
Biosphere
In places where biodiversity is __________, there are more species.
High
Variety of life within an area
Biodiversity
“particular type of living things that can reproduce by interbreeding among themselves.”
Species
Scientific study of all forms of life
Biology
Any individual living thing
Organism
Basic unit of life
Cell
all of the chemical processes that build up or break down materials.
Metabolism
Molecule that stores genetic info in all organisms
DNA
“an organized group of related parts that interact to form a whole”
System
“ a physical environment with different species that interact with one another and with nonliving things.”
Ecosystem
the maintenance of constant internal conditions in an organism.
Homeostasis
The change in living things overtime
Evolution
An inherited trait that gives an advantage to individual organisms and is passed on to future generations
Adaptation
includes using our senses to study the world, but it may also involve other tools.
Observation
a proposed answer for a scientific question.
Hypothesis
Process that tests a hypothesis by collecting info under controlled conditions
Experiments
Condition or factor that’s manipulated by a scientist during an experiment
Independent variable
Experimental dada collected through observation and measurement
Dependent variable
Conditions that don’t change in an experiment
Constants
“proposed explanation for a wide range of observations and experimental results that is supported by a wide range of evidence”
Theory
Provides an enlarged image of an object
Microscope
segment of DNA that stores genetic information
Gene
the study and manipulation of DNA on a molecular level
Molecular genetics
study and comparison of genomes both within and across species
Genomics
the use and application of living things and biological processes
Biotechnology
Organism who’s genome has been altered to contain one or more genes from another organism or species
Transgenic
Carry an organism
Feet
Process info
Brain cells
Grind food
Teeth
Pumps blood through body
Heart
Enable chemical processes
Enzymes
All organisms store their genetic material in
DNA
Name 4 characteristics of all living things
Need energy
Made of one or more cells
Can reproduce
Reacts to environment
Do the most common organisms on earth have one or two cells
One
Animals need _______
Energy
How do cells reproduce
By dividing
When organisms reproduce what do they pass on
Genetic material
Name three conditions that are regulated by homeostasis
Temperature, acidity, blood sugar
What does the body usually used to maintain homeostasis?
Negative feedback
The conditions outside the body are always ________, but The conditions inside the body are generally very_______
Changing, stable
Do all of the species evolve and change over time
Yes
Name the order of the scientific method
Observing hypothesis testing hypothesis analyzing data evaluating results
What is a scientist do to begin his or her research
Makes observations
Name the independent and dependent variable. Scientists testing the effects of medication on the blood pressure of patients
Medication is the independent variable, and blood pressure is the dependent variable
Condition that is changed by scientist
Independent variable
Data
Dependant variable
Uses light and lenses to magnify images, can be used with living specimens, and can clearly magnify specimens up to about 1500 times
Light microscope
Uses electrons and computers to magnify specimens and produce three-dimensional images, can’t be used to observe living specimens, crates images that are computer colorized, and they can clearly magnify specimens more than 100,000 times
Scanning electron microscope
Uses electrons and computers to magnify specimens and produce two-dimensional images, can’t be used to observe living specimens, creates images that are computer colorized, and can clearly magnify specimens more than 100,000 times
Transmission electron microscope
Uses strong magnetic field to show a cross-section of a body part and can show both soft tissues and dense tissues. Cross-sections could be combined by computer to give a complete image of the whole area.
MRI
What kind of systems are scientists most likely to model using computers
Complex systems
The study of genomes
Genomics
Do scientists have the ability to manipulate DNA
Yes
Is it possible to map the entire human genome
Yes
Is a gene a type of computer model used to study diseases
No
At which stage of the scientific inquiry would scientists find out if their hypothesis was supported by the data
Analyzing data
What is the condition manipulated
Independent variable
What can only experimental research do
Show cause and effect
What would an electron microscope be the best choice for viewing
Details of the cell structure
Knowledge of biology can promote advances by helping all people make what
Informed decisions
An example of transgenic organisms
Bacteria that produces human insulin
What is true about biology unanswered questions
They mainly remain unasked
