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psych unit 3 > ch 1- scientific investigation, planning, ethics and safety > Flashcards

ch 1- scientific investigation, planning, ethics and safety Flashcards

1
Q

investigation aim

A

the purpose of a study

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2
Q

investigation question

A

the question that is to be solved by a study

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3
Q

hypothesis

A

a statement predicting the probable outcomes of a study

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4
Q

independent variable

A

the variable that is being manipulated by the researcher

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5
Q

dependent variable

A

the variable that is being measured by the researcher

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6
Q

extraneous variable

A

a variable other than the independent variable that may have an unwanted effect on the dependent variable and results of an investigation

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7
Q

controlled variable

A

held constant to ensure that the only influence on the dependent variable is the independent variable

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8
Q

confounding variable

A

an unwanted variable that has affected the results of an investigation

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9
Q

population

A

the wider group of people that a study is investigating

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10
Q

sample

A

the smaller group of people selected from the population who will be participants in the investigation

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11
Q

sampling technique

A

involves procedures for selecting participants from the population

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12
Q

random sampling

A

selecting participants from the population in a way that means each member of the population has an equal change of being selected to participate in the study

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13
Q

stratified sampling

A

first dividing the population into subgroups and then randomly selecting participants from each subgroup in the proportion that they appear in the population

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14
Q

investigation methodology

A

particular type of research study

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15
Q

allocation

A

dividing a sample into groups in an investigation

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16
Q

random allocation

A

dividing a sample into groups in a way that each participants has an equal chance of being placed into the experimental group or the control group

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17
Q

experimental group

A

the group that is exposed to the independent variable and receives the experimental tratment

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18
Q

control group

A

the group that forms a baseline level to compare with the experimental group

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19
Q

investigation design

A

a framework that determines how participants experience the experimental and control conditions

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20
Q

between subjects design

A

an investigation design in which participants are randomly allocated to either the control or experimental condition

21
Q

within subjects design

A

an investigation design in which all participants in the sample are involved in both he experimental and control conditions

22
Q

mixed design

A

an investigation design that combines elements of a between and within-subjects design

23
Q

case study

A

an investigation of a particular activity, behaviour, event or problem that contains a real or hypothetical situation and includes real world complexities.

24
Q

classification and identification

A

a type of investigation that involves arranging phenomena objects or events into manageable sets and recognising phenomena as belonging to a particular set or part of a new or unique set

25
correlational study
an investigation that involves planned observation and recording of events and behaviours that have not been manipulated or controlled to understand the relationships or associations existing between variable, to identify which factors may be of greater importance and to make predictions
26
fieldwork
type of investigation that involves collecting information through observing and interacting with a selected environment
27
literature review
type of investigation that involves collating and analysing secondary data findings and viewpoints
28
secondary data
data obtained second hand through research conducted by another person for another purpose
29
primary data
data collected through first hand research for an intended purpose
30
modelling
type of investigation in which physical or conceptual model is constructed and or manipulated to simulate a system
31
simulation
a type of investigation that uses a model to replicate and study the behaviour of a system
32
product, process and system development
type of investigation in which a product, a process or a system is designed to meet a human need
33
ethical concepts
general ethical considerations used to analyse the ethical and moral conduct surrounding psychological issues and investigations. some are: integrity, justice, beneficence, non maleficence and respect
34
integrity
an ethical concept involving the commitment to searching for knowledge and understanding and the honest reporting of all sources of information and results
35
justice
fair consideration of competing claims, no unfair burden on a particular group and fair access to benefits of an action
36
beneficence
commitment to maximising benefts and minimising risks and harms
37
non maleficence
avoidance of causing harm
38
respect
value of living things, giving due regard and consideration of the capacity of living things to make their own decisions
39
ethical guidelines cviwdd
guidelines that ensure the protection and welfare of all participants in research. some examples are: confidentiality, voluntary participation, informed consent procedures, withdrawal rights, deception, debriefing,
40
confidentiality
ensures participants remain anonymous and thier personal
41
voluntary participation
ensuring that each participant freely agrees to participate in a study with no pressure or coercion
42
informed consent procedures
occurs before a study where participants agree to participate after they have received all the details of the study, including the purpose, procedures and potential risks
43
withdrawal rights
free to discontinue involvement in a study at any point during or after the conclusion of the study without receiving a penalty
44
deception
withholding the true nature of the study from particiapnts when their knowledge of the true pirpose may affect their behaviour and subsequent validity of the investigation
45
debriefing
provision of information to participants at the end of the study, including the true aims, results and conclusions, and answering any questions, clarifying misunderstandings or deveption and providing support to ensure no lasting harm
46
occupational healthy and safety
issues of health, safety and welfare that must be protected in a workplace
47
risk assessment
a process involving the consideration, identification and reduction of physical and psychological risk
48
safety data sheet SDS
a document that provides all the important information about such a susbtance, such as its ingredients, precautionary statements and first aid measures

psych unit 3 (6 decks)

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