Ch. 1 - Intro to Psych

Question 1

psychology

Answer 1

scientific study of behavior and mental processes

Question 2

behavioral genetics

Answer 2

studies the inheritance of traits related to behavior

-genes and chromosomes

Question 3

behavioral neuroscience

Answer 3

biological basis of behavior

- how the brain, nerve system, and other biological aspects of the body determine behavior

Question 4

clinical psychology

Answer 4

deals w/ the study, diagnosis, and treatment of psych disorders

Question 5

clinical neuropsychology

Answer 5

focuses on the relationship b/w biological factors and psychological disorders

Question 6

cognitive psych

Answer 6

focuses on the study of higher mental processes

Question 7

counseling psych

Answer 7

focuses primarily on educational, social, and career adjustment problems

Question 8

cross cultural psych

Answer 8

looks into similarities and differences in psychological functioning across different cultures and ethnicities

Question 9

developmental psych

Answer 9

examines how ppl grow and change from the moment of conception to death

Question 10

educational psych

Answer 10

concerned with teaching and learning processes

Question 11

environmental psych

Answer 11

considers the relationship b/w ppl and their physical environment

Question 12

evolutionary psych

Answer 12

considers how behavior is influenced by our genetic inheritance from our ancestors

Question 13

experimental psych

Answer 13

studies the process of sensing, perceiving, learning, and thinking about the world

Question 14

forensic psych

Answer 14

focuses on legal issues, such as determining the accuracy of a witness’ memory

Question 15

health psych

Answer 15

explores the relationship b/w psychological factors and physical ailments or disease

Question 16

industrial/organizational psych

Answer 16

concerned with the psych of the workplace

Question 17

personality psych

Answer 17

focuses on the consistency in people’s behavior over time and the traits that differentiate one person from another

Question 18

program evaluation

Answer 18

assessing large-scale programs to determine if they are effective in meeting their goals

Question 19

psych of women

Answer 19

focuses on issues such as discrimination against women and causes of violence against women

Question 20

school psych

Answer 20

devoted to counseling children in elementary and secondary schools who have academic or emotional problems

Question 21

social psych

Answer 21

study of how ppl’s thoughts, feelings, and actions are affected by others

Question 22

sport psych

Answer 22

applies psych to athletic activity and exercise

Question 23

what do neuroscientists consider

Answer 23

how the body influences behavior

Question 24

what are some of the higher mental processes included in cognitive psych (7 of them)?

Answer 24

thinking, memory, reasoning, problem solving, judging, decision making, and langua

Question 25

what person does evolutionary psych stem from?

Answer 25

Charles Darwin | - natural selection

Question 26

father of psych?

Answer 26

Wilhelm Wundt, set up lab in 1879

Question 27

structuralism

Answer 27

uncovering the fundamental mental components of mental states and activities such as... - perception - consciousness - thinking - emotions

Question 28

introspection

Answer 28

ppl presented with an image/sentence and asked to describe what they were experiencing

Question 29

functionalism

Answer 29

what the mind DOES and how behavior FUNCTIONS | -early 1900s

Question 30

William James led what movement

Answer 30

functionalist

Question 31

gestalt psych

Answer 31

emphasizes how perception is organized

Question 32

what are the five major perspectives

Answer 32

1. neuroscience 2. cognitive 3. behavioral 4. humanistic 5. psychodynamic

Question 33

neuroscience perspectives.

Answer 33

how ppl and nonhumans function biologically

Question 34

psychodynamic perspective

Answer 34

behavior is motivated by inner forces and conflicts about which we have little control

Question 35

freud is associated with what perspective?

Answer 35

psychodynamic

Question 36

behavioral perspective

Answer 36

suggests the focus should be on external behavior that can be directly observed and measured objectively -Watson

Question 37

cognitive perspective

Answer 37

how ppl think, understand, and know about the world

Question 38

humanistic perspective

Answer 38

all individuals strive to grow, develop and be in control of their own lives and behavior

Question 39

nature vs nurture

Answer 39

genetics vs environment

Question 40

conscious vs unconscious

Answer 40

aware vs not aware

Question 41

observable behavior vs internal mental processes

Answer 41

outside vs inside

Question 42

free will vs determinism

Answer 42

choices made freely vs factors beyond ppl's willful control

Question 43

Indiv differences vs universal principles

Answer 43

uniqueness of the individual vs reflecting culture and society