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PSYCH 100 > Ch. 1 - Intro to Psych > Flashcards

Ch. 1 - Intro to Psych Flashcards

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1
Q

psychology

A

scientific study of behavior and mental processes

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2
Q

behavioral genetics

A

studies the inheritance of traits related to behavior

-genes and chromosomes

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3
Q

behavioral neuroscience

A

biological basis of behavior

- how the brain, nerve system, and other biological aspects of the body determine behavior

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4
Q

clinical psychology

A

deals w/ the study, diagnosis, and treatment of psych disorders

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5
Q

clinical neuropsychology

A

focuses on the relationship b/w biological factors and psychological disorders

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6
Q

cognitive psych

A

focuses on the study of higher mental processes

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7
Q

counseling psych

A

focuses primarily on educational, social, and career adjustment problems

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8
Q

cross cultural psych

A

looks into similarities and differences in psychological functioning across different cultures and ethnicities

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9
Q

developmental psych

A

examines how ppl grow and change from the moment of conception to death

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10
Q

educational psych

A

concerned with teaching and learning processes

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11
Q

environmental psych

A

considers the relationship b/w ppl and their physical environment

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12
Q

evolutionary psych

A

considers how behavior is influenced by our genetic inheritance from our ancestors

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13
Q

experimental psych

A

studies the process of sensing, perceiving, learning, and thinking about the world

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14
Q

forensic psych

A

focuses on legal issues, such as determining the accuracy of a witness’ memory

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15
Q

health psych

A

explores the relationship b/w psychological factors and physical ailments or disease

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16
Q

industrial/organizational psych

A

concerned with the psych of the workplace

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17
Q

personality psych

A

focuses on the consistency in people’s behavior over time and the traits that differentiate one person from another

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18
Q

program evaluation

A

assessing large-scale programs to determine if they are effective in meeting their goals

19
Q

psych of women

A

focuses on issues such as discrimination against women and causes of violence against women

20
Q

school psych

A

devoted to counseling children in elementary and secondary schools who have academic or emotional problems

21
Q

social psych

A

study of how ppl’s thoughts, feelings, and actions are affected by others

22
Q

sport psych

A

applies psych to athletic activity and exercise

23
Q

what do neuroscientists consider

A

how the body influences behavior

24
Q

what are some of the higher mental processes included in cognitive psych (7 of them)?

A

thinking, memory, reasoning, problem solving, judging, decision making, and langua

25
Q

what person does evolutionary psych stem from?

A

Charles Darwin

- natural selection

26
Q

father of psych?

A

Wilhelm Wundt, set up lab in 1879

27
Q

structuralism

A

uncovering the fundamental mental components of mental states and activities such as…

  • perception
  • consciousness
  • thinking
  • emotions
28
Q

introspection

A

ppl presented with an image/sentence and asked to describe what they were experiencing

29
Q

functionalism

A

what the mind DOES and how behavior FUNCTIONS

-early 1900s

30
Q

William James led what movement

A

functionalist

31
Q

gestalt psych

A

emphasizes how perception is organized

32
Q

what are the five major perspectives

A
  1. neuroscience
  2. cognitive
  3. behavioral
  4. humanistic
  5. psychodynamic
33
Q

neuroscience perspectives.

A

how ppl and nonhumans function biologically

34
Q

psychodynamic perspective

A

behavior is motivated by inner forces and conflicts about which we have little control

35
Q

freud is associated with what perspective?

A

psychodynamic

36
Q

behavioral perspective

A

suggests the focus should be on external behavior that can be directly observed and measured objectively
-Watson

37
Q

cognitive perspective

A

how ppl think, understand, and know about the world

38
Q

humanistic perspective

A

all individuals strive to grow, develop and be in control of their own lives and behavior

39
Q

nature vs nurture

A

genetics vs environment

40
Q

conscious vs unconscious

A

aware vs not aware

41
Q

observable behavior vs internal mental processes

A

outside vs inside

42
Q

free will vs determinism

A

choices made freely vs factors beyond ppl’s willful control

43
Q

Indiv differences vs universal principles

A

uniqueness of the individual vs reflecting culture and society

PSYCH 100 (5 decks)

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