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MIDS 237 > Ch 1 Intro > Flashcards

Ch 1 Intro Flashcards

1
Q

What is the vaso vasorum?

A

-Small blood vessels within the walls of large arteries + veins
-Functions to bring a blood supply with nutrients to the blood vessel walls

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2
Q

What is the intima, media + adventitia composed of?

A

Intima: endothelial cell lining with connective tissue components under it

Media: smooth muscle

Adventitia: collagen, nerve fibers + small blood vessels

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3
Q

Do lower or upper extremity veins have thicker walls?

A

Lower

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4
Q

Differentiate b/w large arteries, small/medium arteries + arterioles?

A

Large: Aorta + its largest branches (brachiocephalic, LCC, LSC + common iliac arteries)

Small/Medium: approx 4mm, includes all arteries except Ao + its largest branches

Arterioles: approx <100 microns, they connect to capillaries + provide resistance to blood flow

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5
Q

Differentiate b/w large veins, small/medium veins + venules?

A

Large: PV, IVC, SVC + their main branches

Small/Medium: approx 1-10mm, includes all veins except the large veins

Venules: approx 20 microns, connect to capillaries

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6
Q

Which layer of large veins is thickest?

A

Adventitia

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7
Q

Are vein valves bicuspid or tricuspid?

A

Bicuspid

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8
Q

As a valve closes blood fills a slightly enlarged space b/w the wall of the vein + the valve, this is called the ___?

A

Sinus

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9
Q

Valves are primarily where?

A

In the limbs, numerous in the legs

(valves are present where venous flow must move upward against gravity)

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10
Q

Are there valves within veins of the thorax + abdomen?

A

No

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11
Q

How small are capillaries?

A

Approx 8 microns (smallest vessel in body)

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12
Q

Capillary walls are composed of how many layers?

A

1 - layer of endothelial cells (intima)

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13
Q

How big is the ascending aorta?

A

3cm

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14
Q

What is the path of the Asc Ao?

A

Starts at AoV, goes upward to become the Ao arch, crosses the trachea, then goes downward on the left side of the trachea to become the descending Ao

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15
Q

3 branches of the Ao arch?

A

1st: Brachiocephalic artery (aka innominate artery), is the largest branch

2nd: Left CCA

3rd: Left subclavian artery

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16
Q

The brachiocephalic artery divides into what?

A

Right CCA + right subclavian artery

17
Q

The subclavian arteries give rise to branches that supply what parts of the body?

A

Brain, neck, throacic wall + shoulder

18
Q

The subclavian artery becomes the ___ artery after the 1st rib?

A

The axillary artery

19
Q

The axillary artery becomes ___ artery 1cm below the elbow joint?

A

Brachial artery

20
Q

The brachial artery ends by dividing into what 2 arteries?

A

Radial (thumb side) + ulnar (pinky side) arteries

21
Q

What is the largest branch of the brachial artery?

A

The deep brachial artery (aka profunda brachii)

22
Q

Is the ulnar or radial artery larger?

A

Ulnar

23
Q

The ulnar artery becomes what?

A

The superficial palmar arch

24
Q

The radial artery joins the deep palmar branch of the ulnar artery to form what?

A

The deep palmar arch

25
Q

Where are the superficial + deep palmar arches?

A

In the hand

Superficial: by fingers
Deep: by palm

26
Q

How do collateral pathways work in the event that the brachiocephalic or subclavian artery gets blocked?

A

Collateral flow can enter the distal subclavian artery via the vertebral artery (branch off subclavian)

(pathology is known as the subclavian steal)

27
Q

The radial part of venous network drains into the ___ vein, while the ulnar part drains into the ___ vein?

A

Cephalic, basilic

28
Q

The palmar digita veins flow over the palmar surface of the wrist + help form ___ veins?

A

The medial antebrachial veins

29
Q

The superficial veins of the arm include?

A

The cephalic, basilic + medial antebrachial veins

30
Q

The cephalic vein empties into ___ vein?

A

Axillary

31
Q

The basilic vein joins the brachial vein to form the ___ vein?

A

Axillary

32
Q

The median antebrachial vein empties into ___ vein?

A

Basilic

33
Q

The deep veins of the arm include?

A

The axillary, brachial, radial + ulnar veins

34
Q

How many brachial veins course along each side of the brachial artery?

A

2 veins

35
Q

What 2 veins join together to form the brachiocephalic vein?

A

The subclavian vein + internal jugular vein

36
Q

The right + left brachiocephalic veins join together to form the ___?

A

SVC

37
Q

Differentiate the location b/w the cephalic + basilic vein?

A

Cephalic:
-Radial
-Lateral border bicep
-Empties into axillary vein

Basilic:
-Ulnar
-Medial border bicep
-Joins brachial vein to form axillary vein

MIDS 237 (23 decks)

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