ch 1 general directional terminology Flashcards
1
Q
ventral
A
- toward the FRONT of the body
- the aorta is ventral to the vertebral column
2
Q
dorsal
A
- toward the BACK or SPINE
- the vertebral column is dorsal to the aorta
3
Q
anterior
A
- toward the VENTRAL side
- the sternum is anterior to the heart
4
Q
posterior
A
- toward the DORSAL side
- the esophagus is posterior to the trachea
5
Q
cephalic
A
- toward the HEAD or SUPERIOR END
- the brain develops from the cephalic end of the neural tube
6
Q
rostral
A
- toward the FOREHEAD or NOSE
- the forebrain is rostral to the brainstem
7
Q
caudal
A
- toward the TAIL or INFERIOR END
- the spinal cord is caudal to the brain
8
Q
superior
A
- above
- the heart is superior to the diaphragm
9
Q
inferior
A
- below
- the liver is inferior to the diaphragm
10
Q
medial
A
- TOWARD the MEDIAN PLANE
- the heart is medial to the lungs
11
Q
lateral
A
- AWAY from the MEDIAN PLANE
- the eyes are lateral to the nose
12
Q
proximal
A
- CLOSER to the point of attachment or origin
- the elbow is proximal to the wrist
13
Q
distal
A
- FARTHER from the point of attachment or origin
- the fingernails are at the distal ends of the fingers
14
Q
ipsilateral
A
- on the SAME SIDE of the body (right or left)
- the liver is ipsilateral to the appendix
15
Q
contralateral
A
- on OPPOSITE SIDES of the body (right or left)
- the spleen is contralateral to the liver