Ch 1- Anatomical/skeletal Terminology

Question 1

Anatomical position: a person lying face up is:

Answer 1

Supine

Question 2

Anatomical position: a person lying face down is:

Answer 2

Dorsal

Question 3

Anatomical position- superior:

Answer 3

Above

Question 4

Anatomical position- inferior:

Answer 4

Below

Question 5

Anatomical position- anterior:

Answer 5

Front

Question 6

Anatomical position- posterior:

Answer 6

Back

Question 7

Anatomical position- medial:

Answer 7

Towards midline —>

Question 8

Anatomical position- lateral:

Answer 8

Away from midline

Question 9

Anatomical position- siding:

Answer 9

Left/right is always relative to subject

Question 10

Not relative to anatomical position- proximal:

Answer 10

Towards body/head

Question 11

Not relative to anatomical position- distal:

Answer 11

Away from body/head

Question 12

Not relative to anatomical position- ventral

Answer 12

Belly side

Question 13

Not relative to anatomical position- cranial

Answer 13

Towards head

Question 14

Not relative to anatomical position- caudal

Answer 14

Towards tail

Question 15

Not relative to anatomical position- superficial:

Answer 15

Towards surface

Question 16

Not relative to anatomical position- deep:

Answer 16

Internal from surface

Question 17

Anatomical planes- Sagittal

Answer 17

Divides body into left and right planes.

• midsagittal: midline
• parasagittal: lateral to midline

Question 18

Anatomical planes- coronal (frontal):

Answer 18

Divides body into anterior and posterior parts

Question 19

Anatomical planes- transverse (cross-section):

Answer 19

Divides body into superior and inferior parts

Question 20

Anatomical planes- oblique:

Answer 20

Non-perpendicular to the other planes

Question 21

Skeletal system includes (5)

Answer 21

• bones
• cartilage
• tendons
• ligaments
• teeth
  206 bones in developed human body

Question 22

Division of the skeleton- axial:

Answer 22

Head and trunk (torso=trunk)

Question 23

Division of the skeleton- appendicular:

Answer 23

Iimbs

Question 24

Division of the skeleton- postcranial:

Answer 24

Everything other than the head

Question 25

Functions of skeleton- support structure

Answer 25

Supports the body

Question 26

Functions of skeleton- locomotion/motion

Answer 26

provide leverage for muscles

Question 27

Functions of skeleton- mineral storage

Answer 27

Primarily calcium

Question 28

Functions of skeleton- hematopoiesis

Answer 28

Production of blood cells

Question 29

Functions of skeleton- endocrine regulation

Answer 29

Hormones

Question 30

Anatomical position

Answer 30

Standing erect, facing observer 
Legs together
Feet are flat and forward
Head is level, eyes forward
Hands at side palms facing forward

Question 31

Types of bone (3)

Answer 31

Spongy/trabecular
Compact/cortical
Articulate/subchondral

Question 32

Bone structure: Diaphysis

Answer 32

• shaft of bone
• thick collar of compact bone
• medullary cavity
• yellow and red marrow

Question 33

Bone structure: Epiphysis

Answer 33

• end of bones
• compact and articulate bone encapsulating spongy
• hematopoiesis

Question 34

Periosteum

Answer 34

• covers outer surface

- continuous with collagen in bone

Question 35

Bone structure: endosteum

Answer 35

Covers inner surface

Question 36

Bone structure: Articulate cartilage

Answer 36

• covers joint surfaces where bones meet

- replaces periosteum

Question 37

Classes of bones: long bones

Answer 37

• Shaft w/ 2 ends
• primarily compact bone
• limbs (except patella and wrist)

Question 38

Classes of bones: short bones

Answer 38

• cube like bones
• mostly spongy
• patella, carpals, tarsals

Question 39

Classes of bones: flat bones

Answer 39

• thin, flattened, usually curved
• parallel layers of compact bone with spongy in between
• sternum, ribs, skull

Question 40

Classes of bones: irregular

Answer 40

• mainly spongy with two layers of compact

- vertebrae, skull, hips (face bones)