Ch 1

Question 1

what does a youths level of development impact

Answer 1

readiness to adapt
how they respond to therapy and coping strategies

Question 2

cognitive activities

Answer 2

all psych processes that involve thinking/knowing/processing/acquiring info

Question 3

nature

Answer 3

inherited factors/interactions that further development

Question 4

development

Answer 4

maturing process resulting from child interaction with environment

Question 5

what causes development deficits

Answer 5

trauma

Question 6

What does development programs help develop?

Answer 6

cog/social skills
enhance future earnings
disrupt intergenerational cycles of poverty

Question 7

development is similar across countries but…

Answer 7

rate differs between countries

Question 8

developmental theories

Answer 8

lay strong foundation for treatment and preventative interventions
explains how human behavior develops and helps provide foundation for changes in behavior

Question 9

4 prominent theoretical frameworks

Answer 9

piget: cog theory of development
maslow: heirarchy of needs
vygotsky: socio-cultural approach
bandura: social-emotional learning theory

Question 10

impacts on children’s growth

Answer 10

typical: puberty, milstones, etc.
atypical: school shootings, abuse, etc.

Question 11

executive function (EF)

Answer 11

first appears at end of 1st year of life and develops across ages (specifically 2-5yrs)
adult level at age 12

Question 12

traumatized children may…

Answer 12

affect general info processing
avoid triggers/stimuli causing emotional disconnect
diminished interest in activities
difficulty expressing emotion/controlling anger

Question 13

Piaget’s cognitive theory of development

Answer 13

believes human intelligence as process of adaptation
emphasis on individual experiences

Question 14

2 guiding principles of cog theory (agents of development)

Answer 14

assimilation
accommodation

Question 15

developmental tasks:

Answer 15

object permanence
animism
reversibility
ego-centrisms

Question 16

schemata

Answer 16

ongoing cog/mental structures by which people adapt to and organize their environment
assists in processing stimuli

Question 17

Piaget believes

Answer 17

there is a link between child cognitive development and natural maturation of brain

Question 18

assimilation

Answer 18

process of using knowledge and connecting this reality into one’s current cog structure

Question 19

accommodation

Answer 19

advanced modifications in cog organization that result from new environment experiences

Question 20

result of assimilation and accommodation

Answer 20

by fully understanding experiences through assimilation, children accommodate by making small cognitive adjustments

Question 21

Piaget definition of intelligence

Answer 21

Childs ability to physically/mentally adapt to the environment

Question 22

Piaget’s 4 stages of cognitive development

Answer 22

sensorimotor
pre-operational
concrete operational
formal operational

Question 23

equilibrium

Answer 23

an adaptive need whereby the child continuously pursues throughout life a state of cognitive balance between assimilation and accommodation

Question 24

4 interactive factors that impact cognitive development

Answer 24

maturation
active experiences
social interaction
general progression of equilibrium

Question 25

sensorimotor intelligence (0-2yrs)

Answer 25

focuses on motor skills
mostly reflexive
object permanence
1-4 months hand eye coordination
8-12 months learn means to an end

Question 26

new schemata

Answer 26

incorporate old ones, NOT replace them

Question 27

pre-operational thought (2-7yrs)

Answer 27

Childs interaction with environment fosters social develop
begin to think about navigating environment
more aware of rules
perception over reasoning
develop of language and symbols
characteristics:
geocentricism, centration , reversibility, and conservation

Question 28

egocentricism

Answer 28

child cannot perceive the view of others; believes their view is the only one

Question 29

animism

Answer 29

notion that fake objects appear alive to children with underdeveloped cognitive processing (EX: Elmo)

Question 30

centration

Answer 30

Childs inability to examine all properties/appearances at a visual stimulus

Question 31

reversibility

Answer 31

when a child can reverse a series of steps using basic reasoning

Question 32

conservation (age 7)

Answer 32

relates to how well children conceptualize the amount/quantity of matter remaining the same regardless of dimension of a container

Question 33

concrete operations (7-11yrs)

Answer 33

child begins to apply cog/affective reasoning/logic
child develops ability to understand concepts
views things from other peoples point of view
child makes own moral judgement
begin to understand consequences

Question 34

formal operations (11-15yrs)

Answer 34

display greater range of application and logic to thought processes
highest level of reasoning
can handle complex issues
cog process almost adult level

Question 35

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs

Answer 35

five stages:
basic needs (food, shelter, etc)
safety
love and belonging
esteem
self-actualization