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Fall Semester DPT > Cervicothoracic Spine I > Flashcards

Cervicothoracic Spine I Flashcards

1
Q

With ___________ stiff areas may not be painful

A. hypermobility
B. hypomobility

A

B.

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1
Q

If hypomobile areas in the body are not addressed, it will usually cause painful _____________ compensations

A

hypermobile

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1
Q

You should ________ stiff areas for more distributed motion

A

mobilize

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2
Q

With hypermobile areas, they are usually painful because …..?

A

bc the axis of motion is less controlled

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3
Q

You should _________ hypermobile areas, particularly which muscles?

A

stabilize

deeper/local muscles

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4
Q

When treating patients, you should always address the ________ joints/areas

A

adjacent

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5
Q

Facet joints determine ______ and amount of _______

A

direction; motion

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6
Q

O-C2 is the ________ cervical spine

A

upper

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7
Q

O-C2 is usually in the ________ plane

A

transverse

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8
Q

O-C2 favors ________ particuraly at __-____

A

rotation; C1-C2

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9
Q

C2-C7 is the _______ cervical spine

A

lower

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10
Q

C2-C7 is between the _______ and ________ planes

A

frontal; transverse

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11
Q

C2-C7 favors all ________ rather _______

A. planes; equally
B. motions; unilaterally
C. motions; equally

A

C. motions; equally

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12
Q

The upper thoracic spine is MOSTLY in the _________ plane

A

frontal

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13
Q

What part of the body limits a greater SB in upper thoracic spine?

A

ribs

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14
Q

What motion is the greatest in the upper thoracic spine? What’s the least?

A

rotation…followed by SB, FLX and least with EXT

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15
Q

Rotation by segment: Thoracic

Most at ____ and _____
Least at ____and____

A

T5-T10
T11-T12

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16
Q

What are the 4 variables for stabilization?

A
  1. joint integrity (cartilage)
  2. passive stiffness (ligaments)
  3. neural input
  4. muscle function
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17
Q

Global muscles are _______

A. deep
B. superficial

A

B.

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18
Q

Local muscles are ____

A. deep
B. superficial

A

A.

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19
Q

_______ muscles are further from AOM, anaerobic, and have type II fibers

*These are known as the rotary/mirror muscles

A

Global

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20
Q

_______ muscles are closer to AOM, aerobic, and type I fibers

*These are known as the postural/stabilization muscles

A

Local

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21
Q

Longus Colli and Suboccipitals are _______ muscles

A

local

22
Q

If your multifidus and rotatores are smaller, you are at risk for what?

A

higher injury rate

23
Q

Pelvic floor and transversus abdominus- increases contraction of which muscle?

A

Multifidus

24
Q

What are the 4 causes for inhibited muscles?

A

P!
Swelling
Joint Laxity
Disuse

25
Q

With inhibited muscles, there will be delayed motor ________ and _________ of the local muscles

A

activation; coordination

26
Q

With local muscle atrophy, _______ starts to decline

A

strength

27
Q

If a muscle starts to have a low supply what will happen?

A

other muscles will start to become overworked

28
Q

With local muscles inhibited, the _______ muscle’s use will increase and have insufficient motor activity

A

global

29
Q

With inhibited muscles, there with be decreased cervical proprioception (position sense) and ___________

A

kinesthesia (motion sense)

30
Q

With inhibited muscles it will cause increased stress on _______ structures

A. contractile
B. non-contractile

A

B.

31
Q

Muscle activation of ____% is sufficient to keep stability and can improve muscular endurance

A

30

32
Q

________ _________ is a set of observable pain characteristics of an individual resulting from body and environment interaction

A

pain phenotyping

33
Q

Nociceptive P! is a _________ tissue compromise

A. nervous
B. non-nervous

A

B.

34
Q

What is a common nociceptive condition that causes P! from the spine?

A

Spondylogenic

35
Q

___________ P! is local & referred from noxious stimulation of spine structures

A

Nociceptive

36
Q

Does nociceptive P! cause visceral dysfunction?

A

NO

37
Q

With somatic convergence, sensory afferents converge and share what?

A

same innervation

38
Q

Somatic convergence is a greater referral of ______ and _______ structures

A. superficial; distal
B. proximal; deep

A

B.

39
Q

Non-segmental P! means what?

A

not from the spinal n.

40
Q

How would your pt. describe non-segmental pain?

A

vague, deep, achy, and boring

41
Q

With non-segmental pain, the neuro scan would be ______

A

WNL

42
Q

Viscerogenic P! is referred P! from where?

A

an organ

43
Q

_________ __________ is when the viscera and somatic (body) sensory afferent and CONVERGE and SHARE same inn.

A

Viscerosomatic convergence

44
Q

With neuropathic P!, the _______ tissue is compromised

A

nervous

45
Q

____________ is ectopic or abnormal discharge from HIGHLY INFLAMMED spinal n. (dorsal root) and is NOT common

A

Radicular P!

46
Q

What are the symptoms for radicular pain?

A

electrical shock P! an is narrow

47
Q

Dural mobility would be + or - for radicular pain?

A

+

48
Q

____________ is decreased conduction of spinal n. due to compression and/or inflammation

A

radiculopathy

49
Q

_____________ is involved wth segmental paresthesia; + neuro scan (hypoactivity); slow progression; constant and long duration

A. radicular P!
B. radiculopathy

A

B.

50
Q

___________ P! decreased conduction of n. branch (Ex: median n. w/ carpal tunnel syndrome)

A

peripheral

51
Q

____________ P! is involved with non-segmental paresthesia and is often intermittent and has short duration

A

Peripheral

52
Q

With peripheral nerve pain: dermatomes, DTRs, and myotomes would be WNL, why?

A

it does not involve spinal nerves

53
Q

With peripheral nerve P! there will be _________ sensation along peripheral n. distribution

A

decreased

54
Q

Peripheral P! would be _____ with dural mobility

A

+

55
Q

__________ P! is altered P! perception w/o evidence of an actual threat to tissue

A

nociplastic

Fall Semester DPT (11 decks)

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