Cervical Spine Flashcards
Name the C1 and its movement
Atlas - Flexion/Extension with some lateral flexion
Name C2 and its movement
Axis - Rotation
Intervertebral Disc anatomy
Annulus Fibrosus - outside “dough”
Nucleus Pulposus - inside “jelly”
Anterior Longitudinal ligament limits what movement?
Limits Extension
Posterior longitudinal ligament limits what movement?
Limits flexion
Ligamentum nuchae limits what movement?
Limits flexion
Interspinous ligament limits what movement?
Limits flexion and rotation
Ligamentum flavum limits what movement?
Limits flexion and rotation
Cervical Plexus consists of which nerve roots?
C1 - C4 nerve roots
Brachial Plexus consists of which nerve roots
C5-C8 and T1 nerve roots
A convergent pathway is defined as?
two nerves combine to form one
A divergent pathway can be defined as?
One nerve splits to form two individual nerves
The Trapezius is responsible for what movement on the C-spine?
Extension and rotation of c-spine and skull
The Levator Scapulae is responsible for what movement on the C-spine
Extension
The Sternocleidomastoid is responsible for what movement on the C-spine?
Rotation and Lateral bending
The Scalenes are responsible for what movement on the C-spine
Lateral bending
Where is Erb’s point located?
3cm above clavicle in front of the transverse process of sixth cervival vertebrae
Brachial Plexus injury is often referred to as?
A stinger or burner
Common MOI of Brachial Plexus injury? (2)
Stretch Traction - head is forced laterally while opposite shoulder is depressed.
Pinch - side of lateral bending impinges nerve between vertebrae
Majority cervical disc herniations involve which cervical discs?
C5-C6 or C6-C7
Thoracic Outlet Syndrome is caused by?
Pressure on the trunks and medial cord of the brachial plexus, subclavian artery, or subclavian vein
Cervical Dislocations usually affect which cervical spines?
C4-C6 when the neck is forced into flexion and rotation
Define Neurapraxia
Stretching of the spinal cord
MOI for Transient Quadraplegia
Blows to the head that force cervical spine into hyperextension, hyperflexion, or an axial load.
Symptoms clear within 15mins to 48hrs
Define Facet Syndrome
Chronic inflammation and degeneration of facet joints
Osteophytes and Bone spurs cause what in the intervertebral foramen?
Narrowing/Spinal Stenosis
How many Cervical vertebrae are in the spine?
7
