cervical region

Question 1

what is the number of vertebrae in the typical cervical spine?

Answer 1

seven segments

Question 2

which vertebrae are typical cervicals?

Answer 2

C3-C6

Question 3

which vertebrae are atypical cervicals?

Answer 3

C1, C2, C7

Question 4

what is the shape of the typical cervical vertebral body from the cranial view?

Answer 4

rectangular

Question 5

what is the appearance of the typical cervical vertebral body from the lateral view?

Answer 5

posterior height is greater than anterior height by a few millimeters

Question 6

what would be the direction of the cervical curve based on osseous features?

Answer 6

posterior or kyphotic

Question 7

what accounts for the direction of the typical cervical curve?

Answer 7

intervertebral disc height

Question 8

what is the direction of the typical cervical curve?

Answer 8

anterior or lordotic

Question 9

at which vertebral couple will the cervical curve again increase intervertebral disc height?

Answer 9

C5/C6

Question 10

what is the effect of aging on the cervical vertebral body?

Answer 10

it diminishes the overall height of the vertebral body

Question 11

what are the modifications of the superior epiphyseal rim of a typical cervical?

Answer 11

anterior groove, posterior groove, right and left uncinate processes

Question 12

what are the names of the lateral modifications of the superior epiphyseal rim?

Answer 12

uncinate process, unciform process, uncovertebral process, uncus or lateral lip

Question 13

at what developmental age will the uncinate process first be observed?

Answer 13

3rd-4th fetal month

Question 14

what are the modifications of the inferior epiphyseal rim of a typical cervical?

Answer 14

anterior lip, posterior lip, right and left lateral grooves

Question 15

what are the names given to the lateral modifications of the inferior epiphyseal rim?

Answer 15

lateral groove or enchancrure

Question 16

what is the joint classification for the anterior lip-anterior groove articulation/

Answer 16

fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis

Question 17

what is the joint classification for the posterior lip-posterior groove articulation/

Answer 17

fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis

Question 18

what is the joint classification for the uncinate process-lateral groove articulation?

Answer 18

modified synovial saddle (diarthrosis sellar)

Question 19

what is the joint classification for the spongy bone-intervertebral disc articulation?

Answer 19

cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphysis

Question 20

how many joint surfaces are present on the upper surface of a typical cervical vertebral body?

Answer 20

five

Question 21

how many joint surfaces are present on the vertebral body of a typical cervical?

Answer 21

ten

Question 22

what is the name given to the uncinate process-lateral groove articulation?

Answer 22

joint of Luschka or uncovertebral joint

Question 23

what does the recent literature suggest as to the nature of the joint of Luschka?

Answer 23

the joint is representative of intervertebral disc aging, which results in loss of lamellar integrity near the joint

Question 24

what is the functional significance of the joint of Luschka?

Answer 24

it appears to stabilize the intervertebral disc while accommodating flexion - extension and requiring coupled motion (axial rotation with lateral bending) in the cervical spine

Question 25

what muscle attaches to the typical cervical vertebral body?

Answer 25

longus colli muscle

Question 26

what is the orientation and angulation of the pedicle of a typical cervical?

Answer 26

posterolateral, 45 degrees

Question 27

at what location on the vertebral body of a typical cervical will the pedicle attach?

Answer 27

to the side and in the center of the vertebral body

Question 28

the greatest transverse diameter of the typical cervical vertebra occurs at___?

Answer 28

C6

Question 29

the greatest frequency of osteophytes associated with the vertebral body occurs at which typical cervical vertebral couple?

Answer 29

C5/C6

Question 30

list, in order, the osseous parts of the typical cervical vertebra transverse process beginning at the vertebral body

Answer 30

costal element, anterior tubercle, costotransverse bar, posterior tubercle, true transverse process

Question 31

what muscles will attach to the anterior tubercle of a typical cervical vertebra?

Answer 31

anterior scalene, longus capitis, longus colli, anterior intertransversarii

Question 32

what muscles may attach to the posterior tubercle of a typical cervical vertebra?

Answer 32

splenius cervicis, iliocostalis cervicis, longissimus cervicis, levator scapula, middle scalene, posterior scalene, rotators and posterior intertransversarii

Question 33

what muscles will attach to the costotransverse bar?

Answer 33

middle scalene and posterior intertransversarii

Question 34

what is the name given to the superior margin of the costotransverse bar?

Answer 34

sulcus for the ventral primary ramus of a cervical spinal nerve

Question 35

what is the orientation and angulation of a typical cervical transverse process?

Answer 35

60 degrees anterolaterally (from midsagittal plane), 15 degrees inferiorly (from the horizontal plane)

Question 36

what is the name given to the modification of the anterior tubercle of the C6 transverse process?

Answer 36

the carotid tubercle

Question 37

what will cause remodeling of the anterior tubercle at C6?

Answer 37

common carotid artery

Question 38

what will occupy the typical cervical vertebra transverse foramen?

Answer 38

vertebral artery, vertebral venous plexus and postganglionic sympathetic motor nerve fibers