cervical disorders

Question 1

how might cervical polyps present

Answer 1

abnormal vaginal bleeding - menorrhagia, post-coital, intermenstrual

Question 2

investigation for cervical polyps

Answer 2

cervical screening

Question 3

what risk factor is associated with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

Answer 3

HPV 16 + 18

Question 4

pathology of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

Answer 4

dysplasia of squamous cells which occurs at the transformation zone

Question 5

how can we identify cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

Answer 5

screening only - not visible to the naked eye and no symptoms

Question 6

where does cervical glandular intraepithelial neoplasia originate from

Answer 6

endocervical epithelium

Question 7

pathology of cervical glandular intraepithelial neoplasia

Answer 7

pre-invasive phase of endocervical adenocarcinoma

Question 8

what is the most common type of cervical cancer

Answer 8

squamous cell carcinoma

Question 9

name some risk factors for cervical cancer

Answer 9

HPV 16+18, smoking, immunosuppression

Question 10

where does cervical cancer spread haematogenously

Answer 10

liver, lungs, bone

Question 11

most common presenting symptom of cervical cancer

Answer 11

abnormal bleeding

Question 12

clinical presentation of cervical cancer

Answer 12

urinary or bowel habit change , suprapubic pain, mass on exam

Question 13

investigations for cervical cancer

Answer 13

speculum exam
colposcopy and biopsy