Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

AUBF - Lec > Cerebrospinal Fluid > Flashcards

Cerebrospinal Fluid Flashcards

1
Q

What are the functions of the CSF?

A

• Cushions the brain and spinal cord
• Provides a system to supply nutrients to the nervous tissue
• Removes metabolic wastes and other wastes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How much CSF is produced every hour?

A

20 mL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How much total volume of CSF are in neonates?

A

10-60 mL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How much total volume of CSF are in adults?

A

90-150 mL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

CSF is produced in the ______.

A

Choroid plexus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How does CSF form? Give the flow of its formation.

A

—>Produced bythe choroid plexus from the lateral ventricle.
—>Passes through the foramina of Monro towards the 3rd ventricle
—>Passes through the Sylvian aqueduct towards the 4th ventricle
—>Passes through the foramen of Luschka and Magendie towards the Cisterna Magna
—>Subarachnoid space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The build-up of CSF in the aqueduct of Sylvius can lead to what condition?

A

Hydrocephalus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How does the CSF exit the nervous system?

A

Via arachnoid granulations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the procedure called for collecting CSF

A

Lumbar puncture / spinal tap

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the allowable positions of the patient when collecting CSF? Which one is the most common? When is the other one used?

A

Lateral recumbent - most common
Sitting - px w/ pulmonary problem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the disinfectants used when collecting CSF? What is the alternative when the patient is allergic?

A

Betadine or povide iodine;
Chlorhexidine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Local anesthetic that is commonly used in collecting CSF

A

Lidocaine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where is CSF collected specifically?

A

Between L3 and L4 - adults
Between L4 and L5 - children

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How many tubes are usually collected and what is the section order? At what temp are they kept?

A

3 tubes

Tube 1: CC and serology (frozen)
Tube 2: Microbio (RT)
Tube 3: Hema (refrigerated)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

When there’s only 1 tube of CSF collected, what is now the order when submitting it to the laboratory?

A

Micro -> hema -> CC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the normal appearance of the CSF?

A

Crystal clear / colorless

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Appearance of the CSF when it is high on protein/lipid/WBC

A

Cloudy / turbid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

The term used when the supernatant is pink, orange, or yellow

A

Xantochromia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How do we observe xantochromia from a sample?

A

Centrifuge the sample first then observe the supernatant’s color

20
Q

What is the reason for this color?

Brown

A

Methemoglobin

21
Q

What is the reason for this color?

Pink

A

Oxyhemoglobin

22
Q

What is the reason for this color?

Yellow

A

Bilirubin

23
Q

What is the reason for this color?

Orange

A

Combination of oxyhemoglobin, bilirubin, & carotene

24
Q

What should be the first thing you should think of when then CSF is red?

A

Presence of RBCs

25
Q

How is intracranial hemorrhage differentiated from traumatic tap?

A

Uneven distribution of blood

26
Q

What does IH and TT look like when compared?

A

IH - red in all 3 tubes
TT - red intensity lowers toward 3rd tube

27
Q

Which of the two (IH & TT) has clot present, and why does the other one do not have clot formation?

A

TT - clot present
IH - no clot, because it could’ve dissolved or not enough fibrinogen to form the clot

28
Q

What is the clot that is formed when the CSF is refrigerated for at least 12 hours? When is it usually seen?

A

Web-like pellicle

Px w/ tuberculosis

29
Q

In what tube is CSF WBC count normally performed?

A

Tube 3

30
Q

Normal adult CSF contains ______ WBCs/microL.

A

0-5

31
Q

CSF WBC counting is performed using ______.

A

Neubauer counting chamber

32
Q

Alternative for centrifugation for getting the sediment of the CSF

A

Filtration

33
Q

The best method for concentrating the CSF sediment

A

Cytocentrifugation

34
Q

If the WBC count is <100, what is the next step?

A

Differentiate then report, but report regardless of the number.

35
Q

In adults, what is the L/M ratio?

A

70:30

36
Q

In children, what is the L/M ratio?

A

30:70

37
Q

When WBC count exceeds the number of lymphocytes and monocytes, what is the most probable cause to it?

A

Bacterial meningitis

38
Q

True or false:

Is the presence of eosinophil normal like in the urine?

A

False

39
Q

Reactive lymphocytes are also known as _____.

A

Turk’s cells

40
Q

What is the appearance of reactive lymphocyte?

A

Dark blue cytoplasm w/ clumped chromatin

41
Q

Reactive lymphocytes are seen in _____.

A

Viral infections

42
Q

Proteins that are normally found in the CSF

A

Transthyretin (prealbumin)
Albumin
Transferrin

43
Q

What does it mean usually when the CSF protein levels increase? What are the other considerations?

A

Damaged blood-brain barrier

Contamination from TT
Blockage in the granulations
Meningitis

44
Q

What protein is best used to assess the BBB’s integrity?

A

Albumin

45
Q

If IgG levels are high, _____ should be suspected.

A

Multiple sclerosis

46
Q

What is the hallmark of multiple sclerosis?

A

Oligoclonal bands

AUBF - Lec (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions