Cerebral Palsy

Question 1

Cerebral palsy

Answer 1

Permanent disorders of the development of movement and posture, causing activity limitations that are attributed to non-progressive disturbances that occurred in the developing fetal or infant brain

Question 2

CP
- Secondary Impairments

Answer 2

Physical growth
Muscle spasticity
Weakness
Cumulative effects of biomechanics forces through joints

Question 3

CP
- Associated impairments

Answer 3

Cognition
Behavior
Communication
Sensation
Perception
Epilepsy
Urinary incontinence
Constipation
Sleep disorders

Question 4

Associated impairments
- Cognition

Answer 4

Cognitive delays

Question 5

Associated impairments
- Communication

Answer 5

Speech
Hearing
Vision

Question 6

Associated impairments
- perception

Answer 6

Visual-spatial and visual perception

Question 7

High prevalence in children born with?

Answer 7

Premature
Low birth weight

Question 8

Contribute to significant societal financial burden

Answer 8

Health care
Social care
Productivity

Question 9

Cost of CP to a family
- $921,000 estimated per person expense

Answer 9

Indirect- 80.6%
Direct- 10.2%
Direct non medical costs- 9.2%

Question 10

Risk factors of CP

Answer 10

Antenatal
Perinatal
Postnatal

Question 11

Risk factors
- Antenatal

Answer 11

Prematurity and low birth wt
Intrauterine infectionons
Multiple gestation
Pregnancy complications

Question 12

Risk factors
- Perinatal

Answer 12

Birth asphyxia
Complicated labour and delivery

Question 13

Risk factors
- Postnatal

Answer 13

Non-accidental injury
Head trauma
Meningitis/encephalitis
Cardio-pulmonary arrest

Question 14

Protective factors
- obstetrical care

Answer 14

Magnesium sulfate
Antibiotics
Cortiocsteroids

Question 15

Classification
- Topographic

Answer 15

Hemiplegia
Diplegia
Triplegia
Quadriplegia

Question 16

Classification
- Location of the brain

Answer 16

Spastic
Dyskinetic
Ataxic
Mixed

Question 17

Classification
- Functional

Answer 17

Gross motor function classification system (GMFCS)

Question 18

GMFCS
- Level 1

Answer 18

Children walk at home, school, outdoors and in the community
Can climb stairs w/out railing
Perform gross motor skills such as running, jumping but speed, balance, and coordination are limited

Question 19

GMFCS
- Level II

Answer 19

Children walk in most settings and climb stairs holding onto the railing
May experience difficulty walking long distances and balancing on uneven terrain, inclines, crowded areas and confined spaces
May walk with assistance, hand held device or used wheeled mobility over long distances
Have only minimal ability to perform gross motor skills like running and jumping

Question 20

GMFCS
- Level III

Answer 20

Children walk using a hand-held mobility device in most indoor settings
May climb stairs holding onto a railing with supervision or assistance
Children use wheeled mobility when traveling long distances and may self propel for short distances

Question 21

GMFCS
- Level IV

Answer 21

Children use methods of mobility that require physical assistance or powered mobility in most settings
May walk for short distances at home with physical assistance or use powered mobility or a body support walker when positioned
At school, outdoors and in the community children are transported in a manual wheelchair or use powered mobility

Question 22

GMFCS
- Level V

Answer 22

Children are transported in a manual wheelchair in all settings
Children are limited in their ability to maintain antigravity head and trunk postures and control leg and arm movements

Question 23

Body Structure and Function

Answer 23

Spasticity
Hyperreflexia
Loss of selective voluntary control
Muscle weakness
Muscle tightness
Joint contractures
Poor coordination
Body deformities