cerebral cortex Flashcards
cerebral cortex
Vast collection of cell bodies, axons dendrites, which is gray matter, on the surface of the hemispheres
Granule cells
Pyramidal cells
granules cells
Small interneurons within cortex
pyramidal cells
Most are output cells for the cerebral cortex
Projection, commissural, association fibers
Primary sensory cortex
discriminates shape, texture, or size of objects
located in the anterior part of the parietal lobe
Post central gyrus
primary motor cortex
descending control of motor output
Sources of most neurons in the corticospinal tract
Controls contralateral voluntary movements
primary auditory
Conscious discrimination of loudness and pitch of sounds
primary visual
Distinguishes intensity of light shape, size, and location of objects
primary vestibular
Discriminates among head positions and head movements, contributes to perception of vertical
lesion in somatosensory cortex
Loss of tactile localization and conscious proprioception
lesion in vestibular cortex
Change in awareness of head position and head movement
change in perception of vertical
lesion in visual cortex
homonymous hemianopia
Lesion in auditory cortex
Loss of conscious localization of sounds
primary somatosensory cortex receives info from
Receives information from tactile in proprioceptive receptors via a three neuron pathway
Peripheral afferent/dorsal column neuron
medial lemniscus neuron
Thalamocortical neuron
primary auditory cortex receives info from
Receives information from both cochlea
Primary vestibular cortex receives info from
receives information from the vestibulothalamocortical pathway
primary visual cortex pathway
Visual information travels from the retina to the lateral geniculate nucleus to the primary visual cortex
secondary somatic sensory area
Stereognosis
memory of the tactile and spatial environment
secondary visual
Analysis of motion
color recognition
understanding of visual spatial relationships
control of visual fixation
secondary auditory
Classification of sounds
Motor planning areas
Anterior to primary motor cortex
supplementary motor area
premotor area
brocas area
primary motor cortex
Voluntarily controlled movements
premotor area
Control of trunk and girdle muscles
Anticipatory postural adjustments
supplementary motor area
Initiation of movement
Orientation planning
Bimanual and sequential movements
brocas area
Motor programming of speech
Usually in the left hemisphere only
inferior frontal gyrus
usually in the right hemisphere
Planning nonverbal communication
Emotional gestures, tone of voice
flow of cortical information from the primary sensory cortex to motor output
Primary sensory cortex
Secondary sensory cortex
Association cortex
Motor planning areas
Primary motor cortex
flow of information
1-simple sensory discrimination
2-Recognition of sensation
3-Goal selection planning monitoring /interpretation of sensation/emotions, memory processing
4-Movement composition sequencing
5-Cortical motor output
