Cerebellum Review Flashcards

1
Q

What are the cerebellar connections to the brainstem?

A

inferior, middle and superior peduncle

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2
Q

What are the cerebellar afferents (cerebellopetal fibers) of the inferior cerebellar peduncle?

A
  • rostral, dorsal, and cuneo spinocerebellar tracts
  • olivocerebellar tract
  • vestibulocerebellar tract
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3
Q

What are the cerebellar efferents (cerebellofugal fibers) of the inferior cerebellar peduncle?

A

efferents to the vestibular nuclei and the reticular nuclei

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4
Q

What afferents (cerebellopetal) fibers does the middle cerebellar peduncle contain?

A

exclusively pontocerebellar tract

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5
Q

What afferents (cerebellopetal) fibers does the superior cerebellar peduncle contain?

A

ventral spinocerebellar tract

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6
Q

What are efferent fibers of the superior cerebellar peduncle and where do they go?

A

efferent corticofugal fibers from the cerebellum which terminate in the red nucleus and VL motor nucleus of the thalamus

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7
Q

Regions of the cerebellum?

A

-pontocerebellum, spinocerebellum,

vestibulocerebellum

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8
Q

Pontocerebellum aka?

A

neocerebellum

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9
Q

What does the pontocerebellum include?

A

lateral zone of the cerebellum including the more lateral regions of anterior and posterior lobes

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10
Q

Spinocerebellum aka?

A

paleocerebellum

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11
Q

spinocerebellum includes?

A

intermediate zone of the cerebellum which includes medial aspects of both lobes, cerebellar tonsils and vermis

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12
Q

vestibulocerebellum aka?

A

archicerebellum

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13
Q

vestibulocerebellum includes?

A

most medial part of the cerebellum and the flocculonodular lobe

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14
Q

What are the nuclei of the cerebellum?

A

Fastigial
Interposed (globose and embolliform)
Dentate

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15
Q

Fastigial nucleus. location? associated with?

A

most medial

associated with vestibulocerebellum and spinocerebellm

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16
Q

Interposted nuclei. location? association?

A

interposed bw the fastigial and the dentate

associated with spinocerebellum

17
Q

dentate nucleus. location? association

A

most lateral and largest

associated with pontocerebellum

18
Q

layers of the cerebellar cortex?

A

3
molecular
purkinje
granule

19
Q

molecular layer?

A

most superficial, low neuron cell body density, but has two types of inhibitory neurons (stellate and basket cells)
contains large dendritic arborizations of purkinje cells that lie in a single plane perpendicular to long axis of folia (gyri of cerebellar cortex)

20
Q

What are the two sets of afferent fibers in the molecular layer of the cerebellar cortex?

A

parallel fibers

climbing fibers

21
Q

what are parallel fibers?

A

unmyelinated granule cell axons which each run 5 mm along long axis of folium that activates hundreds of purkinje cells

22
Q

What are climbing fibers?

A

wrapped around individual purkinje cell dendritic trees

23
Q

what is the middle layer of the cerebellar cortex?

A

purkinje cell layer

24
Q

what is the purkinje cell layer composed of?

A

cell bodies of purkinje neurons which are inhibitory (GABA mediated) to the deep nuclei and some axons will exit the cerebellum

25
What is the granular layer composed of?
tightly packed granule cells | inhibitory interneurons called Golgi cells
26
where do axons of granule cells go to?
ascend into molecular layer to form parallel fibers
27
Where do parallel fibers run:?
about 5 mm along cortex activating with excitatory (glutamate) endings with each parallel fiber ending on > 500 purkinje cells