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KIN 301: Anatomy of CNS > Cerebellum chapter > Flashcards

Cerebellum chapter Flashcards

cerebellum

1
Q

what nucleus is present in the vermis?

A

fastigial nucleus

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2
Q

what nuclei is in the intermediate hemisphere

A

interposed nucleus
- globose nucleus
- emboliform nucleus

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3
Q

what nucleus is in the lateral hemisphere

A

dentate nucleus

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4
Q

these characteristic folds termed _____ are equivalent to the gyri of the cerebral cortex

A

folia

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5
Q

what do folia do?

A

vastly increase the amount of cerebellar cortex that can be packed into the posterior cranial fossa.

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6
Q

the cerebellar cortex is organized into groups of folia, termed ______, that are separated from one another by fissures

A

lobules

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7
Q

anatomists recognize ____ lobules

A

10 lobules

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8
Q

primary fissure separates the

A

anterior lobe and posterior lobe

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9
Q

the _____________ fissure separates the flocculonodular lobe and posterior lobe.

A

posterolateral fissure

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10
Q

the anterior lobe is important for

A

execution and control of limb and trunk movements

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11
Q

the posterior lobe is important for

A

movement planning and in the nonmotor functions of the cerebellum

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12
Q

the flocculonodular lobe is important for

A

maintaining balance and controlling eye movements

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13
Q

what are the names of the deep cerebellar nuclei

A

fastigial nucleus

globose nucleus
emboliform nucleus

dentate nucleus

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14
Q

the superior cerebellar peduncle contains mostly _______

A

efferent axons

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15
Q

the middle cerebellar peduncle contains only

A

afferent axons

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16
Q

the inf cerebellar peduncle contains

A

both afferent and efferent

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17
Q

there are two major sets of inputs to the cerebellum

A

climbing fibres
mossy fibres

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17
Q

climbing fibres originate in:

climbing fibres synapse on:

A

single nucleus - the inferior olivary nucleus

purkinje neurons

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18
Q

mossy fibres originate from

A

different brain stem and spinal cord nuclei.

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19
Q

in the cortex, climbing fibres synapse on purkinje neurons which generate a cerebellar cortex ____

A

output signal by projecting to neurons in the deep nuclei

20
Q

true or false the purkinje neurons is an inhibitory projection neuron

A

true

21
Q

the cerebellum has 3 functional divisions each consisting of the cerebellar cortex and on or more deep nuclei

true or false?

A

true

22
Q

what are the functional divisions of the cerebellum?

true or false?
each functional division of the cerebellum uses the same basic circuit for tasks but differs from others with respect to the specific input sources and the structures it projects to

A
  1. vermis
  2. intermediate hemisphere
  3. lateral hemisphere

true

23
Q

the spinocerebellum comprises the

A

vermis and intermediate hemisphere of both ant and post lobes

as well as the fastigial and interposed deep nuclei

24
Q

the spinocerebellum is important in controlling the

A

posture, and movements of the trunk and limbs

25
Q

the cerebrocerebellum receives input directly or indirectly from the cerebral cortex?

A

indirectly

(via a synapse in the pontine nuclei)

25
Q

the cerebrocerebellum plays a part in

A

planning of movement and nonmotor functions

26
Q

the cerebrocerebellum division consists of

A

the lateral hemisphere (almost entirely located in post lobe)

and the dentate nucleus

27
Q

the vestibulocerebellum recieves input directly from?

A
  • the vestibular labyrinth
  • the vestibular nuclei
28
Q

the vestibulocerebellum corresponds to what division?

A

the flocculonodular lobe, no deep cerebellar nucleus for this tract instead its the vestibular nuclei that serves a similar role

29
Q

true or false the spinocerebellum has somatotopic organization

A

true

30
Q

the vermis for the spinocerebellum controls

A

axial and proximal muscles

31
Q

the intermediate hemisphere for the spinocerebellum controls

A

limb muscles

32
Q

the dorsal spinocerebellar tract originates from _________ and transmits ________ info ____________

A

clarkes nucleus

sensory info from the leg and lower trunk to the cerebellar nuclei and cortex

33
Q

the cuneocerebellar tract originates from _______ it transmits ______ info ________

A

the accessory cuneate nucleus

sensory info from the upper arm and upper trunk.

34
Q

____ and _____ produce limb and trunk control impairments by causing degeneration in these ascending cerebellar pathways

A

fredreich
ataxia

35
Q

for limb control where do the spinocerebellar axons synapse?

also projects to neurons of the _________ where purkinje neurons project to the interposed nuclei

A

interposed nuclei

intermediate hemisphere

36
Q

the interposed nuclei project from the cerebellum ________

A

through the superior cerebellar peduncle

37
Q

the axons of both dorsal spinocerebellar and cuneocerebellar travel through _______ peduncle

A

inferior cerebellar peduncle

*they are examples of mossy fibres, forming connections w/ diverse cerebellar neurons

38
Q

the major function of the spinocerebellum is control of

A

body musculature

39
Q

true or false the spinocerebellum has a somatotopic organization

A

true

vermis: axial and proximal muscles

intermediate hemisphere: limb muscles

40
Q

the axons of both _______ and ___________ travel through the inferior peduncle

A

DSCT: Dorsal Spinocerebellar tract

AND

CCT: Cuneocerebellar tract

41
Q

the DSCT and CCT are examples of ________ fibres

A

mossy fibres

42
Q

the ___ synapse on the neurons of the interposed nuclei and to intermediate hemisphere where purkinjie neurons project to the interposed nuclei

A

the spinocerebellar axons

43
Q

what are the lateral descending pathways

A
  • rubrospinal
  • lateral corticospinal tracts
44
Q

what are the medial descending pathways

A

reticulospinal tract
vestibulospinal tract

45
Q

the major input to the cerebrocerebellum is from wide spread areas of the ______ cerebral cortex. this projection is relayed by neurons in the _______ ________ nuclei via the _____ peduncle

A

contralateral

ipsilateral pontine nuclei

middle cerebellar peduncle

46
Q
A

KIN 301: Anatomy of CNS (9 decks)

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