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Neuro Mini Exam > Cerebellum > Flashcards

Cerebellum Flashcards

1
Q

cerebellum

A

adjusts output of UMN pathways

control rate, range, and force of ongoing motor movements

maintenance of stable posture

planning and timing of complex movement

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2
Q

rate, range, and force

A

coordination

of ongoing movements

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3
Q

what cerebellum does NOT do

A

issue motor commands
-Dx not chacterized by paresis or paralysis

does not act in awareness

no loss of conscious sensory function

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4
Q

folia

A

gyri of the cerebellum

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5
Q

vermis

A

medial region of cerebellum

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6
Q

cerebellar hemispheres

A

left and right

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7
Q

primary fissure

A

splits anterior and posterior lobes of cerebellum

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8
Q

lobes

A

anterior/posterior

best identifed by mid-sagittal view

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9
Q

nodulus

A

viewed anteriorly, part of the vermis

attached to two flocculi

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10
Q

flocculonodular lobe

A

nodulus and two flocculi

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11
Q

tonsil

A

viewed anteriorly, below the nodulus

can be moved to foramen magnum with increased ICP

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12
Q

blood supply of cerebellum

A

superior cerebellar arteries
anterior inferior cerebellar arteries
posterior inferior cerebellar arteries

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13
Q

cerebellar peduncles

A

inferior - input
middle - input
superior - output

all medially

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14
Q

inferior peduncles

A

cerebellar input

  • spinocerebellar tracts
  • vestibular input and from olive
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15
Q

middle peduncles

A

ALL input

-pontocerebellar fibers

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16
Q

superior peduncles

A

cerebellar output

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17
Q

cell bodies of cerebellum

A

externally

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18
Q

arbor vitae

A

white matter to and from cerebellar cortex

–looks like tree

19
Q

outer cerebellar cortex

A

lots of cell processes

-inner cerebellar cortex - cell bodies

20
Q

molecular layer

A

outer cerebellar cortex

21
Q

purkinje neurons

A

make up purkinje cell layer

  • one cell thick, nice line
  • huge dendritic trees
  • huge cell body

deep to molecular layer
above granule cell layer

22
Q

granule cell layer

A

just above the arbor vitae

23
Q

cerebellar hemispheres control

A

ipsilateral body

24
Q

brodmans areas 4 and 6 and 8

A

equivalent to primary, supplementary, and premotor cortices

25
Q

3 division of cerebellum

A

named according to afferent source

vestibulocerebellum

26
Q

vestibulocerebellum

A

input - from vestibular apparatus and nuclei

to flocculonodular node

output - fastigial nucleus

27
Q

flocculonodular node

A

vestibulocerebellum
-receive from vestibular apparatus and nuclei

coordinate proximal muscles, maintain body posture, coordinate eye movements

28
Q

fastigial nucleus

A

output of vestibulocerebellum

29
Q

targets of fastigial

A

vestibular and reticular nuclei

involved in vestibulocerebellum

30
Q

cerebrocerebellum

A

input - cerebrum areas 4, 6
-from pontine nuclei, decussates to contralateral cerebellum

most of lateral hemispheres of cerebellum

planning, timing, initiation of complex movements - piano and baseball

31
Q

dentate nucleus

A

nucleus of cerebrocerebellum

32
Q

targets of cerebrocerebellum

A

thalamus back to cortex

33
Q

spinocerebellum

A

to the vermis and paravermal region

smoothness, accuracy, coordination of voluntary movements
-rate, range, force of voluntary movements

“comparator”

34
Q

afferents to spinocerebellum

A

proprioception

  • same as DCML
  • unconscious

4 tracts from cord
-A/P spinocerebellar tracts (lower limb)

-rostral spinocerebellar and cuneocerebellar (upper limb)

also muscles of mastication - trigeminocerebellar tract

35
Q

spinocerebellum

A

influence upper motor systems
lateral - LCST and rubrospinal
medial - vestibulospinal and reticulospinal

36
Q

lateral influence

A

by paravermal regions of cerebellar cortex

-damage to paravermal regions - deficits in distal limb musculature

37
Q

medial influence

A

by vermis of cerebellar cortex

  • damage to vermis - axial muscles
  • deficit in postural muscles
38
Q

damage to vermis

A

wide base stance

39
Q

damage to paravermal region

A

change in rate, range, force of distal limb musculature

40
Q

cerebellar lesions

A

ipsilateral motor ataxia
-uncoordinated movement

dysmetria
intention tremor (different from parkinsons) - occurs WITH voluntary movement
dysdiadochokinesia
41
Q

midline lesions

A

unsteady gait
truncal sway
uncoordinated eye movement
wide based stance

42
Q

lateral lesions

A

ataxia of limbs
past pointing
dysdiadochokinesia

43
Q

alcohol

A

impacts cerebellum

  • slows these things down
  • mimics cerebellar lesions

Neuro Mini Exam (7 decks)

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