Cerebellum Flashcards
Term
Definition
Cerebellum
A part of the brain that coordinates voluntary movements, balance, and motor learning.
Anterior Lobe
Part of the cerebellum involved in controlling movement and posture.
Posterior Lobe
A region that plays a key role in coordination of voluntary movement.
Flocculonodular Lobe
Involved in balance and eye movement control, part of the vestibulocerebellum.
Vermis
The central part of the cerebellum that coordinates movement along the midline of the body.
Hemispheres
The left and right sides of the cerebellum responsible for coordinating movements of the limbs.
Cerebellar Cortex
The outer layer of the cerebellum, made up of gray matter.
Purkinje Cells
Large neurons in the cerebellum that transmit inhibitory signals to the deep cerebellar nuclei.
Deep Cerebellar Nuclei
The structures within the cerebellum that receive information from Purkinje cells and send signals to other parts of the brain.
Superior Peduncle
A bundle of fibers that connects the cerebellum to the midbrain and sends information to the motor cortex.
Middle Peduncle
A fiber pathway that carries input from the pons to the cerebellum.
Inferior Peduncle
Carries sensory information from the spinal cord and brainstem to the cerebellum.
Ataxia
A condition caused by cerebellar dysfunction, resulting in lack of coordination and balance.
Truncal Ataxia
A form of ataxia where the damage to the cerebellum affects the coordination of the trunk muscles.
Neocerebellum
The newer part of the cerebellum involved in planning and fine-tuning voluntary movements.
Spinocerebellum
Part of the cerebellum involved in regulating and coordinating movement of the body and limbs.
Vestibulocerebellum
Responsible for balance and eye movement control, linked to the flocculonodular lobe.
Pontocerebellum
Involved in motor planning and the coordination of voluntary movement, linked to the posterior lobe.
Lesion Location
Symptoms
Neocerebellum (Posterior Lobe)
Difficulty with voluntary movement coordination, intention tremor, dysmetria (inability to judge distances), and ataxia of limbs.
Paleocerebellum (Anterior Lobe)
Postural instability, gait ataxia, and lower limb ataxia. Common in conditions like alcoholism.
Archicerebellum (Flocculonodular Lobe)
Balance problems, truncal ataxia, nystagmus, and issues with eye movement control.
