Arteries Of Head And Neck Flashcards
Q
A
How many parts does the subclavian artery have?
Three parts
What are the branches of the first part of the subclavian artery?
Vertebral artery
What are the branches of the second part of the subclavian artery?
Costocervical trunk
What are the branches of the third part of the subclavian artery?
Dorsal scapular artery
Where does the first part of the subclavian artery lie?
Medial to the anterior scalene muscle
Where does the second part of the subclavian artery lie?
Behind the anterior scalene muscle
Where does the third part of the subclavian artery lie?
Lateral to the anterior scalene muscle
Name the three scalene muscles.
Anterior scalene
What is the origin of the anterior scalene?
Transverse processes of C3-C6 vertebrae
What is the insertion of the anterior scalene?
First rib
What is the origin of the middle scalene?
Transverse processes of C2-C7 vertebrae
What is the insertion of the middle scalene?
First rib
What is the origin of the posterior scalene?
Transverse processes of C5-C7 vertebrae
What is the insertion of the posterior scalene?
Second rib
Do the scalene muscles form the floor of any triangle?
Yes
What lies anterior to the vertebrae?
Prevertebral fascia
What structure lies immediately posterior to the trachea?
Esophagus
What structure lies anterior to the trachea?
Thyroid gland and cartilages (thyroid
Which cartilage is directly above the trachea?
Cricoid cartilage
Q: Where does the subclavian artery arise from on the left and right sides?
A: The left subclavian artery arises from the arch of the aorta at T2, while the right subclavian artery arises from the brachiocephalic trunk.
Q: Between which two muscles does the subclavian artery pass?
A: The subclavian artery passes between the anterior and middle scalene muscles.
Q: On which rib does the subclavian artery lie?
A: The subclavian artery lies on the first rib, behind the clavicle.
Q: When does the subclavian artery become the axillary artery?
A: The subclavian artery continues as the axillary artery after crossing the lateral border of the first rib.
Q: Which part of the subclavian artery gives rise to the vertebral artery?
A: The first part of the subclavian artery gives rise to the vertebral artery.
Q: Through which structures does the vertebral artery travel, and where does it terminate?
A: The vertebral artery passes through the transverse foramina from C6 to C1, enters the suboccipital triangle, and unites with the opposite vertebral artery to form the basilar artery.
Q: What are the intracranial branches of the vertebral artery?
A: The intracranial branches of the vertebral artery include meningeal branches, posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA), and branches to the medulla and pons.
Q: Which artery gives rise to the thyrocervical trunk?
A: The subclavian artery gives rise to the thyrocervical trunk.
Q: Which two arteries arise from the thyrocervical trunk and supply the scapular region?
A: The suprascapular artery and the transverse cervical artery arise from the thyrocervical trunk.
Q: What is the role of the transverse cervical artery?
A: The transverse cervical artery supplies the medial border of the scapula.
Q: How does the subclavian artery contribute to the scapular anastomosis?
A: The subclavian artery gives off the thyrocervical trunk, which branches into the suprascapular artery and transverse cervical artery, contributing to the scapular anastomosis.
Q: Which branch of the subclavian artery supplies the lateral border of the scapula?
A: The subscapular artery (a branch of the axillary artery, which is the continuation of the subclavian artery) supplies the lateral border of the scapula.
