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Extra > Cerebellum > Flashcards

Cerebellum Flashcards

1
Q

Functions of the cerebellum

A 
Coordination (limb, trunk, and oculomotor)
Balance and equilibrium 
Muscle tone
Motor control
Motor learning
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2
Q

Where is the cerebellum located

A

In the posterior fossa
Infratentorial
Dorsal to the midbrain (4th ventricle)

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3
Q

What does the primary fissure separate

A

Anterior and posterior lobes

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4
Q

What does the posterolateral fissure separate

A

Separates the flocculonodular lobe and posterior lobe

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5
Q

Describe the fibers that go through the SCP

A

Primarily efferent, some afferent, fibers between the midbrain and the cerebellum

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6
Q

Describe the fibers of the MCP

A

Afferent fibers from Pons to the cerebellum

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7
Q

Describe the fibers of the ICP

A

Afferent and efferent fibers between the medulla and cerebellum

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8
Q

Where does the superior cerebellar peduncle decussate

A

Caudal midbrain at the level of the inferior colliculi

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9
Q

Describe the input in the cerebrocerebellum and what this region is involved in

A

Input to/from cortex

Involved in planning and initiation of movement

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10
Q

What are the 3 cerebellar regions

A

Cerebrocerebellum
Spinocerebellum
Vestibulocerebellum

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11
Q

Describe the spinocerebellum’s input/output and what it is involved in.

A

Input to/from SC
Vermis: posture, proximal limb movement, eye movement
Intermediate zone: appendicular limb position and somatosensory input

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12
Q

Describe the vestibulocerebellum in terms of input and involved functions

A

Inputs to/from vestibular labyrinth

Maintenance of equilibrium, balance and posture, Vestibulo-ocular control

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13
Q

The cerebellum provides ____________ effects on motor function

A

Modulatory (inhibitory)

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14
Q

What is the main cell of the cerebellar outputs

A

Purkinje cells

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15
Q

What two fibers are involved in cerebellar inputs

A

Pontocerebellar fibers

Olivocerebellar fibers

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16
Q

What are the pontocerebellar fibers involved in and what cortices contribute to these fibers?

A

Involved in planning and control of prescient dexterous movements of the extremities

Cortices: PriMC, PriSC, visual cortex (also vestibular and auditory)

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17
Q

Olivocerebellar fibers are involved in…

A

Motor learning and motor memory

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18
Q

The pontocerebellar fibers travel through the ______ cerebellar peduncle and the Olivocerebellar fibers travel through the _________ cerebellar peduncle

A

Middle

Inferior

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19
Q

What are the spinocerebellar pathways

A

Afferent pathways to the cerebellum from the SC

Dorsal spinocerebellar tract
Cuneocerebellar tract
Ventral spinocerebellar tract
Rostrum spinocerebellar tract

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20
Q

Which spinocerebellar tract sends afferent info amount LE limb movements (subconscious perception from interfusal and jt receptors)

A

Dorsal Spinocerebellar tract

21
Q

What tract hold afferent info about UE and neck movements (subconscious perception from intramural and jt receptors)

A

Cuneocerebellar tract

22
Q

What tract sends afferent info abou the LE SC interneurons from intrafusal fibers and GTOs

A

Ventral Spinocerebellar tract

23
Q

Afferent info about activity of US/neck SC interneurons from intrafusal fibers and GTOs is sent via what track

A

Rostrum spinocerebellar tract

24
Q

What are the steps of the dorsal spinocerebellar tract

A

LE prprioceptors> dorsal root > dorsal horn > synapse on nu dorsal is of clark > up sc to rostral medulla >ICP to cerebellar cortex

25
Q

Where is the nu dorsal is of clark located

A

C8-L2/3

26
Q

Describe the Cuneocerebellar tract

A

UE/neck proprioceptors > dorsal root> dorsal horn> up dorsal column and synapse in ext cuneatus nu (caudal medulla) > ICP > cerebellar cortex

27
Q

Ventral and Rostral spinocerebellar tracts travel the same except the Ventral carries info from _____ and Rostral carries info from ______

A

LE

UE

28
Q

Go through the ventral/rostral spinocerebellar tracts

A

LE/UE proprioceptors (respectively) synapse with ipsilateral spinal interneurons > decussate via ventral commissaries and ascend in lateral columns of SC, through the braisten to sup. Colliculus >decussate again via SCP and travel to cerebellar cortex

29
Q

Describe the somatotropic organization of the spinocerebellum in the posterior and anterior lobes

A

Ant (sup > inf): leg> arm> head

Post (sup > inf): head >arm>leg

30
Q

Cerebellar outputs travel through

A

Dorsal cerebellar nuclei (dentate, emboliform, globose, and fastigial)
Vestibular nu

31
Q

What are the deep cerebellar nu

A

Dentate
Emboliform
Globose
Fastigial

32
Q

What cerebellar outputs go through the dentate

A

Receive projections from lateral cerebellar hemispheres (interposed nu)

33
Q

The _________ and ___________ nuclei receive projections from intermediate cerebellar hemispheres

A

Emboliform

Globose

34
Q

Fastigial nu receives projections from

A

Vermis and part of flocculonodular node

35
Q

Vestibular nu. Receive projections from

A

Inferior vermis and majority of flocculonodular node

36
Q

Damage to the cerebellum typically has ________ effects

A

Ipsilateral

37
Q

Dentate fibers travel through what tract?

A

Cerebrocerebellum

38
Q

Function of the cerebrocerebellum tract

A

Motor planning and motor initiation of limbs

39
Q

Go through the 2 paths of the cerebrocerebellar tract

A

Lateral hemispheres >dentate nu > contralateral red nu via SCP > inferior Oliver’s nu via central tegmental tract > renter cerebellum via Olivocerebellar fibers (decussate again and terminate through lat hemisphere cortex)

Lateral hemispheres > dentate nu > contralateral VL nu of thalamus via SCP> PriMC, PreMC, SMA, and parietal lobe

40
Q

Cerebrocerebellum tract eventually ends up at the motor cortex and association cortices then send descending drive via the…..

A

Corticospinal tract

41
Q

The spinocerebellum (vermis) tract has what function

A

Motor for posture, proximal limb movement, and eye movement

42
Q

Go through the spinocerebellum (vermis) tract

A

Fibers from vermis travel to the fastigial nu > ICP down to bilateral vestibular nu and reticular formation > reticulospinal and vestibulospinal tract

Vermis> fastigial nu > SCP > contralateral sup colliculus (tectospinal tract) >PriMC, PreMC, SMA, and parietal lobe > anterior corticospinal tract

43
Q

What tract eventually provides input to the reticulospinal and vestibulospinal tract, tectospinal tract and anterior corticospinal tract

A

Vermis Spinocerebellum

44
Q

What is the function of the Spinocerebellum tract from the intermediate zone

A

Integrates input from appendicular limb position and somatosensory input

45
Q

The spinocerebellar (intermediate zone) tract eventually sends info to what tracts

A

Rubrospinal and lateral corticospinal tract

46
Q

Go through steps of the spinocerebellar (intermediate zone)

A

intermediate zone >interposed nu > SCP >contra red nu> rubrospinal tract

Intermediate zone >interposed nu > SCP > contra VL of thalamus > PriMC, PreMC, SMA, and parietal lobes > lat corticospinal tract

47
Q

The vestibulocerebellum tract starts where

A

Inferior vermis and flocculonodular lobe

48
Q

What are the steps of the vestibulocerebellum tract

A

Inferior vermis and flocculonodular lobe > ICP >synapse on vestibular nu >medial longitudinal fasciculus (major eye movement pathway

49
Q

What artery would impact cerebellar function the most?

A

AICA because it supplies all of the cerebellar peduncles

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