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Neuroanatomy > Cerebellum > Flashcards

Cerebellum Flashcards

1
Q

What are the roles of the cerebellum?

A
  1. Coordination of limb, trunk, and oculomotor
  2. Balance and equilibrium
  3. Muscle tone
  4. Motor control
  5. Motor learning
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2
Q

Describe the location of the cerebellum.

A

Located in the posterior fossa. Dorsal to midbrain.

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3
Q

What separates the anterior and posterior lobes of the cerebellum?

A

Primary fissure

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4
Q

What are folia of the cerebellum?

A

The little ridges on the surface of cerebellum.

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5
Q

What does the posterolateral fissure seperate?

A

The flocculonodular lobe and the posterior lobe.

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6
Q

What two components make up the flocculonodular lobe.

A

The flocculus and the nodulus

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7
Q

What does the superior cerebellar peduncle connect and what type of information travels through it?

A
  • Connects the midbrain and the cerebellum.

- Primarily efferent information, but a few afferent.

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8
Q

What does the middle cerebellar peduncle connect and what type of information travels through it?

A
  • Connects the pons to the cerebellum.

- Carries afferent fibers only.

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9
Q

What does the inferior cerebellar peduncle connect and what type of information travels through it?

A
  • Connects the medulla and the cerebellum.

- Afferent and efferent fibers.

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10
Q

What is a defining feature of the superior cerebellar peduncle?

A

It decussates in caudal midbrain at level of interior colliculi.

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11
Q

What are the 3 different regions of the cerebellum?

A
  1. Cerebrocerebellum
  2. Spinocerebellum
  3. Vestibulocerebellum
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12
Q

Describe the cerebrocerebellum region.

A
  • It carries input to/form cortex.

- Involved in planning and initiation of movement.

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13
Q

Describe the spinocerebellum region.

A
  • Carries input to/from spinal cord.
  • Vermis = trunk movement; posture, proximal limb movement, eye movement
  • Intermediate zone = extremity movement; integrates input about appendicular limb position and somatosensory input.
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14
Q

Describe the vestibulocerebellum region.

A
  • Carries input to/from vestibular labyrinth

- Maintenance of equilibrium, balance and posture, vestibulo-ocular control.

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15
Q

What is the cerebellums main function for motor function?

A

It provides modulatory (inhibitory) effects on motor function.

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16
Q

What type of cells provide major output of the cerebellum?

A

Purkinje cells.

17
Q

What are the 2 origins of input for the cerebellum?

A
  1. Pontocerebellar fibers

2. Olivocerebellar fibers

18
Q

Where do the pontocerebellar fibers originate from and what is the function of these fibers?

A
  • From the pontine nuclei.
  • Involved in planning and control of precise dexterous movements of the extremities.
  • Largest cortical contributors: PrimC, PriSC, visual cortex
19
Q

Where do the olivocerebellar fibers originate from and what is the function of these fibers?

A
  • From inferoir olivary complex.

- Involved in motor learning and motor memory processes.

20
Q

What are 4 different spinocerebellar pathways that relay cerebellar input?

A
  1. Dorsal Spinocerebellar tract
  2. Cuneocerebellar tract
  3. Ventral spinocerebellar tract
  4. Rostral spinocerebellar tract
21
Q

What type of input does the dorsal spinocerebellar tract provide to the cerebellum?

A

Afferent info about LE limb movement.

- Is subconscious perception from intrafusal and joint receptors.

22
Q

What type of input does the cuneocerebellar tract provide to the cerebellum?

A

Afferent info about UE/neck limb movements.

- Is subconscious perception from intrafusal and joint receptors.

23
Q

What type of input does the ventral spinocerebellar tract provide to the cerebellum?

A

Afferent info about activity of LE spinal cord interneurons from intrafusal fibers and GTOs.

24
Q

What type of input does the rostral spinocerebellar tract provide to the cerebellum?

A

Afferent info about activity of UE/neck spinal cord interneurons from intrafusal fibers and GTOs.

25
Q

Describe the somatotopic organization of the anterior lobe of the cerebellum going from rostral to caudal.

A

Leg –> arm –> head

26
Q

Describe the somatotopic organization of the posterior lobe of the cerebellum going from rostral to caudal.

A

Head –> arm –> leg

27
Q

What are the 2 structures that all output from the cerebellum travel through?

A
  1. Deep cerebellar nuclei
    - Dentate
    - Emboliform
    - Globose
    - Fastigial
  2. Vestibular nuclei
28
Q

Where do the dentate nuclei receive projections of information from?

A

Receive projections from lateral cerebellar hemispheres about motor planning.

29
Q

What is the name for the emboliform and globose nuclei?

A

Interposed nuclei

30
Q

Where do the interposed nuclei receive projections of information from?

A

Receive projections from intermediate cerebellar hemispheres about input for the extremity movement.

31
Q

Where do the fastigial nuclei receive projections of information from?

A

Receive projections from vermis and part of flocculonodular lobe.

32
Q

Where do the vestibular nuclei receive projections of information from?

A

Receive projections from inferior vermis and majority of flocculonodular node.

33
Q

What type of information does the cerebrocerebellum output pathways convey?

A

Motor planning and motor initiation of limbs.

34
Q

What type of information from the spinocerebellum (vermis region) output pathways convey?

A

Posture, postural limb movement, and eye movement.

35
Q

What type of information from the spinocerebellum (intermediate zone region) output pathways convey?

A

Integrates input about appendicular limb position and somatosensory input.

36
Q

What region of the cerebellum does the PICA supply?

A

Anterior lobe, superior vermis, superior intermediate zone, and small part of lateral hemisphere.

37
Q

What region of the cerebellum does the AICA supply?

A

Tippy top point of lateral hemisphere/posterior lobe, all the peduncles, flocculus, partial tonsil, and posterio-lateral fissure

38
Q

What region of the cerebellum does the SCA supply?

A

Posterior lobe, inferior vermis, nodulus, and partial tonsil.

Neuroanatomy (18 decks)

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